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All Journal Casuarina: Environmental Engineering Journal
Arsy, Nurul
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Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Pemanfaatan Limbah Obat Kedaluwarsa sebagai Adsorben dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Rumah Sakit: Bahasa Indonesia Arsy, Nurul; Tuturop, Risanyel Elsan; Usili, Aisya
Casuarina: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 3 No 2 (2026): CEEJ APR 2026
Publisher : LRI Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/ceej.v3i2.5606

Abstract

Expired pharmaceutical waste is increasingly recognized as a significant environmental pollutant due to its persistent active compounds that can contaminate water systems. Hospitals generate substantial amounts of pharmaceutical waste, including unused liquid and solid drugs. This study aims to utilize expired drugs as raw material for adsorbent production through carbonization and chemical activation processes, thereby offering a sustainable solution for hospital wastewater treatment. The methodology involved collecting expired drugs, subjecting them to high-temperature carbonization, and applying chemical activation to enhance surface area and adsorption capacity. Adsorption tests were conducted on hospital wastewater samples, focusing on COD, BOD, and heavy metal parameters. Results demonstrated that drug-derived adsorbents reduced COD and BOD levels by up to 60% and showed significant efficiency in heavy metal removal. Compared to commercial adsorbents, the performance of expired drug-based adsorbents was competitive, while also being cost-effective and environmentally friendly. This research highlights the dual benefits of reducing pharmaceutical waste and providing an alternative adsorbent material for wastewater treatment. The findings support the concept of circular economy in pharmaceutical waste management, emphasizing resource recovery and environmental sustainability. 
Study of Pharmaceutical Compound Degradation in Liquid Waste Using Environmentally Friendly Nanotechnology-Based Photocatalysts Arsy, Nurul; Hafid Prasetyo; Hartiana Anas; Arabiya, Wa Siti; Gegetu, Taip
Casuarina: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 3 No 2 (2026): CEEJ APR 2026
Publisher : LRI Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/ceej.v3i2.5607

Abstract

Pharmaceutical compounds discharged into aquatic environments, such as antibiotics and analgesics, are resistant to natural degradation and pose risks including microbial resistance and ecological imbalance. This study investigates the application of nanotechnology-based photocatalysts, specifically TiO₂ nanostructures, for the degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants in wastewater. The photocatalyst was synthesized using a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD and SEM to confirm its crystalline structure and morphology. Degradation experiments were conducted on paracetamol and selected antibiotics under UV irradiation. Results indicated that TiO₂ nanostructured photocatalysts achieved up to 75% degradation within 120 minutes. The photocatalytic mechanism involves the generation of hydroxyl radicals that attack the chemical bonds of pharmaceutical compounds, producing simpler and less harmful byproducts. Enhanced degradation efficiency was observed with increased light intensity and larger surface area of the photocatalyst. Compared to conventional treatment methods, this approach is energy-efficient and does not generate hazardous residues. The findings highlight the potential of nanotechnology-based photocatalysis as a sustainable solution for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, aligning with green technology initiatives in environmental engineering. 
Analysis of the Impact of Pharmaceutical Waste on Water Quality and Bioremediation-Based Treatment Efforts Arsy, Nurul; Atiqa Kirana; Meilani; Fahira
Casuarina: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 3 No 2 (2026): CEEJ APR 2026
Publisher : LRI Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/ceej.v3i2.5608

Abstract

Pharmaceutical waste discharged into aquatic environments can significantly deteriorate water quality and disrupt ecosystems. Even at low concentrations, active pharmaceutical compounds may induce physiological changes in aquatic organisms and contribute to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This study aims to analyze the impact of pharmaceutical waste on water quality and evaluate bioremediation using indigenous microorganisms as a sustainable treatment approach. Water samples contaminated with pharmaceutical residues were collected near healthcare facilities. Parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and pharmaceutical concentrations were measured. Indigenous microorganisms capable of metabolizing pharmaceutical compounds were identified and applied in bioremediation experiments over 14 days. Results revealed a 50% reduction in pharmaceutical residues, accompanied by improved water quality indicators, including increased DO and decreased COD. The microorganisms demonstrated adaptability to polluted environments and utilized pharmaceutical compounds as energy sources. These findings underscore the potential of bioremediation as an eco-friendly strategy for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The study contributes to the development of sustainable waste management practices, emphasizing the role of local microbial resources in mitigating environmental pollution.
Co-Authors Arabiya, Wa Siti Atiqa Kirana Fahira Gegetu, Taip Hafid Prasetyo Hartiana Anas Meilani Tuturop, Risanyel Elsan Usili, Aisya