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Journal : Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento

Pengaruh Pemilihan Pelarut dalam Ekstraksi Klorofil pada Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp. dan Caulerpa sp. Segar dan Kering Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara; Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani Nayaka; Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda; Erna Cahyaningsih; Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 9 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v9i1.5344

Abstract

Seaweed is a photosynthetic organism, thus a good source of pigment-producing. Pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries widely use chlorophyll pigments for their products. Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria sp.) and Bulung Boni (Caulerpa sp.) are widely grown seaweeds in the waters of Bali. Pre-extraction steps such as drying and solvent selection can affect pigment extraction. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of solvent selection in the extraction of chlorophyll in fresh and dried Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria sp.) and Bulung Boni (Caulerpa sp.). The solvents used were ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Estimation of chlorophyll content was carried out using UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the extraction of Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria sp.) on dry samples using acetone produced a total chlorophyll of 574.1 ± 33.2 g/g. Bulung Boni (Caulerpa sp.) extraction of fresh samples using methanol resulted in the highest total chlorophyll (10235.3 ± 50.3 g/g). In conclusion, drying and solvent selection affect the extraction of chlorophyll from Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria sp.) and Bulung Boni (Caulerpa sp.).
Uji Iritasi dan Aktivitas Penumbuh Rambut Hair Tonic dari Tanaman Usada Bali pada Mencit Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda; Puguh Santoso; Erna Cahyaningsih; Gusti Ayu Made Indah Siantari
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 9 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v9i1.5502

Abstract

The existence of side effects from drugs used for hair loss treatment urges the need for safer alternatives, especially from natural ingredients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of hair tonic from Usada Bali (containing Polycias scutellaria, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Trigonella foenum graecum, and Cananga odorata) in mice. Experimental animals were divided into four groups: negative control was given a carrier fluid, positive control was given hair tonic on the market, and the treatment group was given hair tonic with simplicia concentration of 10% and 20%. Hair length was measured on days 7 and 21 with the treatment given daily topically on the backs of shaved mice. The irritation test was carried out at 24 and 48 hours. The data obtained were tested statistically by ANOVA test followed by Tukey's test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that the hair tonic formula contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids. The irritation test did not show any irritation on the skin of the mice. The hair growth activity test of the herbal hair tonic formula combination of Polycias scutellaria leaf, Hibiscus tiliaceus leaf, Trigonella foenum graecum seed and Cananga odorata flower showed significantly faster hair growth than the negative control at both concentrations and not significantly different from the positive control. This hair tonic formula has the potential to be developed into a natural hair growth agent without irritation to the skin.
Kandungan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Polaritas yang Berbeda dari Daun Pereskia bleo Nayaka, Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Indriani, Felia Riska
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v9i2.6290

Abstract

Antioxidant agents are essential for the body due to its ability to scavenge free radicals. Medicinal plants contain phytochemicals that act as antioxidants. The current research aimed to determine the total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of Pereskia bleo leaves extracts from various solvents with different polarities. The nonpolar solvent (n-hexane) was used as the first step of extraction and its residues were then macerated using semi-polar (ethyl acetate) and polar (ethanol 96%) solvents consecutively. The TFC was determined using the colorimetric method while antioxidant activity was examined through the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Antioxidant activity was presented as Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC50) and Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI). It is noticeable that among analyzed extracts, the ethyl acetate extract of P. bleo leaves contained the highest flavonoid content (15.052 ± 0.172 g quercetin equivalent/100 g extract). Furthermore, the greatest antioxidant activity was obtained from n-hexane extract with the value of IC50 and AAI being 217.307 ppm and 0.230, respectively. Pearson coefficient correlation (r) between TFC and AAI was -0.106. The current study concluded that P. bleo leaves extracts using solvents with different polarities showed variation in TFC values and antioxidant activity. Moreover, TFC was not the main contributor to the antioxidant activity of P. bleo leaves extracts.
Karagenan Rumput Laut Merah Bali (Gracilaria sp.) sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Delapan Bakteri Patogen Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma; Juliadi, Debby; Putri, Ni Kadek Dila Pratiwi; Putri, Ni Kadek Nisa Leoni; Darmawan, I Wayan Agus; Yanti, Ni Kadek Pradnya
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v11i1.10349

Abstract

The increase in infection cases every year, coupled with the rise in resistance cases, increases the urgency of exploring antimicrobial agents. Gracilaria sp. is a red seaweed that is widely known as one of the potential producers of active metabolites, sulfated polysaccharides. Carrageenan is one form of sulfated polysaccharide that has antimicrobial activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of carrageenan derived from Gracilaria sp. against several pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella typhi. Carrageenan was extracted from Gracilaria sp. samples obtained from the South Denpasar area (Bali) using KOH. An antibacterial activity assay of carrageenan was carried out using an agar well diffusion method with nutrient agar media. Tests were conducted at concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/mL (E. coli and S. epidermidis), 20, 30, 40 mg/mL (S. aureus, S. pyrogenes, E. faecalis, and S. typhi), 50, 75, and 100 mg/mL (P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae). Incubation was carried out for 24 hours at ± 37 °C. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that carrageenan extracted from Gracilaria sp. exhibited significant antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria, especially gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity produced in this study was proportional to the increase in concentration, where the inhibitory activity produced increased as the concentration of carrageenan increased. It can be concluded that carrageenan has the potential to be an antibacterial.
Co-Authors Agung Ari Chandra Wibawa Agustini, Ni Putu Dewi Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Apriliani, Ni Luh Putri Darmawan, I Wayan Agus Debby Juliadi Desak Ketut Ernawati Dewa Ayu Ika Pramitha Dewi, Ni Kadek Dwi Purnama Dwi Arymbhi Sanjaya Dwi Arymbhi Sanjaya Elis Suwarni Erna Cahyaningsih Erna Cahyaningsih Erna Cahyaningsih Gusti Ayu Intan Puspita Dewi Gusti Ayu Made Indah Siantari Gusti Ayu Putu Yosinta Sasmita Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri I Made Agus Mahardika I Putu Tangkas Suwantara Indah Muthia Susanthi Indriani, Felia Riska Luh Risma Putri Rahayu Made Agus Deny Mahendra Putra Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara Megawati, Fitria Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Putu Swari Ni Luh Sintya Ni Made Dharma Shantini Suena Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani Nayaka Ni Made Wiwik Setiawati Ni Nyoman Wahyu Udayani Ni Putu Dewanty Suwirtawati Ni Putu Siska Sugiantari Ni Putu Udayana Antari Ni Putu Yuni Winariyanthi Ni Wayan Budi Sari Pramesti , Luh Ratih Widhia Puguh Santoso Puguh Santoso Puguh Santoso puguh santoso, puguh Putra Hilmi Prayitno Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi Putri, Ni Kadek Dila Pratiwi Putri, Ni Kadek Nisa Leoni Rahadi, I Wayan Surya Sari, Ni Wayan Budi Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes Suarnata, I Gede Agus Sugiantari, Ni Putu Siska Sukmayanti, Ni Kadek Susanthi, Indah Muthia Suwantara, I Putu Tangkas Suwarni, Elis Swari, Ni Luh Putu Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma Wardani, I Gusti Ayu Agung Kusuma Widnyani, Dewa Ayu Sri Bintang Widyani Nayaka , Ni Made Dwi Mara Winariyanthi, Ni Putu Yuni Yanti, Ni Kadek Pradnya