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Journal : Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir

Prediction of Potential Acid Mine Drainage Formation in High Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit using Geochemical and Mineralogy Approaches Syaputra, Rizky; Kusuma, Ginting Jalu; Badhurahman, Abie
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 44 No. 1 (2023): MAY 2023
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6652

Abstract

Identification of acid mine drainage (AMD) can be predicted using a geochemical and mineralogy characterization approach to identify rocks forming and neutralizing acids. Geochemical characterization using static and kinetic tests. The static test is the first step to determining the potential for acid formation in rocks by comparing the potential for forming and neutralizing acids, which are characterized by uncertain behavior that causes predictions to be inaccurate. Kinetic tests were carried out to predict the long-term acid-producing potential better. Furthermore, mineralogical characterization is needed to assess the importance of sample mineral content in predicting AMD. Tests were conducted on rock samples from high sulfidation epithermal (HSE) deposits in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The samples represent the different geological domain conditions found in HSE deposits. The main acid-producing components are pyrite and secondary minerals (alunite) capable of buffering acidity. The results showed a lower change in leachate pH (from day 30 to 180) and were accompanied by the release of species (high dissolved metals).
The Effect of Fly Ash Ratio Addition as Layering Material Using Free Draining Column Leach Test Method on Laboratory Scale Hernanda, Suriandi; Kusuma, Ginting Jalu; Badhurahman, Abie; Syaputra, Rizky
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 44 No. 1 (2023): MAY 2023
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6707

Abstract

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is formed due to the oxidation of sulfide minerals in the presence of water and air. AMD already entering the environment can damage the aquatic ecosystem due to low pH and high dissolved metal concentrations. Efforts to prevent the formation of AMD are by regulating the stockpiling of materials containing sulfide or potential acid forming (PAF) with non-acid forming (NAF) to avoid oxidation reactions of sulfide minerals. The purpose of this study was to simulate the effect of adding fly ash ratio as a PAF rock coating material to the quality characteristics of leachate using the laboratory-scale free draining column leach test (FDCLT) method. Adding fly ash ratio as a layering material significantly affects the quality of the resulting leachate. This is due to the physical condition of the fly ash material, which cannot prevent the meeting of AMD-forming components.
Facies and Depositional Environment Analysis of Limestone in Citeureup Area, West Java, Indonesia Andriansyah, Rian; Syaputra, Rizky; Robbani, Nur Ikhsan; Tabri, Kristian Nurwedi
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 45 No. 2 (2024): NOVEMBER 2024
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2024.6953

Abstract

The Citeureup area in West Java Province hosts Middle Miocene limestone outcrops belonging to the Klapanunggal Formation, which has long been considered a promising source of raw material for Indonesia’s cement industry. Despite its economic significance, detailed sedimentological studies and facies characterization of this formation remain limited. This study aims to identify the dominant lithofacies and reconstruct depositional environments to understand the formation’s genesis and assess its resource potential. Thin-section petrographic analysis, enhanced with blue epoxy resin, was employed to identify porosity, fossil assemblages, and mineral composition. The investigation revealed three primary facies types: packstone, boundstone, and dolomitic grainstone. The packstone and dolomitic grainstone facies are interpreted to have formed in reef-flat settings, associated with shallow, high-energy marine conditions. The boundstone facies, in contrast, are linked to reef-crest environments subjected to more dynamic hydrodynamic regimes. These findings point to a depositional system characteristic of a carbonate platform shaped by variable energy conditions. The presence of abundant skeletal grains, well-developed porosity, and mature mineralogical features indicates the limestone’s high potential as a quality raw material for cement production. Beyond its industrial relevance, the study enhances sedimentological insights into the Klapanunggal Formation and provides a scientific basis for informed resource evaluation and sustainable exploitation strategies in similar carbonate settings.