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Journal : Buletin Ilmiah Marina : Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan

 1 
Nelayan Kecil di Perkotaan: Karakteristik Usaha dan Jaringan Sosial dalam Mengakses Pembiayaan di Marunda, Jakarta Utara Muhartono, Rizky; Sumarti, Titik; Saharuddin, Saharuddin; Koeshendrajana, Sonny
Buletin Ilmiah Marina Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 9, No 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economic

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/marina.v9i1.11919

Abstract

Jakarta merupakan kota yang memiliki berbagai fasilitas pembiayaan, namun masih dijumpai nelayan skala kecil di Marunda yang memiliki hambatan dalam mengaksesnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan karakteristik usaha nelayan kecil dan jaringan sosial dalam mengakses pembiayaan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Desember tahun 2022 yang difokuskan di lokasi Marunda, Jakarta Utara menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tipe studi kasus. Informan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang dan dipilih secara purposive, terdiri dari unsur nahkoda, anak buah kapal (ABK), bakul/pedagang pengumpul, koperasi, Lembaga Pengelola Modal Usaha Kelautan dan Perikanan (LPMUKP), penyuluh perikanan, dinas perikanan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar nelayan di Marunda memiliki dua jenis alat tangkap dengan mayoritas menggunakan jaring dan bubu. Keunikan nelayan ABK di Marunda adalah melakukan penangkapan dengan membawa alat tangkap sendiri dan membayar komisi kepada pemilik perahu. Pada tahap awal usaha, nelayan mengandalkan dana pribadi, dan keluarga. Nelayan yang memiliki aset akan meminjam kepada lembaga pembiayaan formal dan jika tidak punya asset akan meminjam kepada bakul/bos. Pada dasarnya nelayan tidak mau meminjam karena tidak mau terikat dengan bakul/bos ataupun kehawatiran tidak bisa membayar cicilan jika meminjam ke bank. Apabila nelayan mengalami kerugian usaha dan tidak memiliki aset untuk dijaminkan, maka nelayan akan meminjam kepada bakul/bos. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan adalah membuat program pembiayaan untuk nelayan kecil dengan memperhatikan karakteristik dan jaringan sosialnya. Program harus diprioritaskan pada nelayan yang tidak memiliki modal dan aset. Lembaga pembiayaan informal perlu dilibatkan dalam pengembangan program pembiayaan nelayan tersebut. Tittle: Small-Scale Fishermen in Urban Areas: Business Characteristics and Social Networks in Accessing Financing in Marunda City, North Jakarta Jakarta is a city that has various financing facilities, but there are still small-scale fishermen in Marunda who have problems accessing them. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of small fishing businesses and social networks in accessing financing. This research was conducted in July-December 2022 which focused on the Marunda location, North Jakarta. This research uses qualitative methods with a case study type. The informants in this study were 30 people and were selected purposively, consisting of captains, crew members (ABK), bakul/collecting traders, cooperatives, Marine and Fisheries Business Capital Management Institutions (LPMUKP), fisheries extension workers, fisheries services. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive. The results showed that most fishermen in Marunda have two types of fishing gear with the majority using nets and bubu. The uniqueness of ABK fishermen in Marunda is to make catches by bringing their own fishing gear and paying commissions to boat owners. In the early stages, fishermen rely on personal funds, and families. Fishermen who have assets will borrow from formal financing institutions and if they do not have assets will borrow from bakul/bos. Basically, fishermen do not want to borrow because they do not want to be tied to the bakul / boss or worry that they cannot pay installments if they borrow from the bank. If the fisherman experiences a business loss and does not have assets to guarantee, the fisherman will borrow from the bakul/boss. Therefore, the policy that needs to be done is to create a small fisherman financing program by taking into account their characteristics and social networks. Programs should be prioritized on fishermen who do not have capital and assets. Informal financing institutions need to be involved in the development of these fishermen financing programs.
Co-Authors -, Syafri ABD Rahman J Abdul Aziz Aditya Muhammad Afriansyah, Ade Nora Ahmad Suardi Alifia Ayu Delima Alvina Felicia Watratan Amar Sani, Amar Amir, Safrullah Amongjati, Sri Anom Andi Bau Mallarangeng Andika Rusli Anggraeni Endang Palupi Angkat, Susi Susanti Anisah Anita Candra Dewi Anwar, Misita Arafat, Andi Arhjayati Rahim Ariadi, Ariadi Aribah, Dzikra Ridha Dwi Arif Satria Aris, Ardiyanti Arya Hadi Dharmawan Asriadi Asriadi Asrian, Wahyu Aulia, Adha Auliah Ambarwati Auliah, Alya Azhar Azhar Azizah Nurdin, Azizah Azwar Azwar Badaruddin Badaruddin Basri Basri Batara Surya, Batara Bimantoro, Tegar BR Tarigan, Rosana Aginta Budiman Budiman Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Caska - Darmawan, Fitrah Asma Deviyanti, Deviyanti Dewi Gayatri Dewi Yuniati Dewi, Anita Candra Didik Suharjito Dimas Prasaja, Dimas Dini Anggraini, Dini Djalil, Abd Rasyid Djalil, Abd. Rasyid Dwi Ghita Dwi Sadono Edy Sabara Eka Intan Kumala Putri Ekawati S.Wahyuni Ekawati S.Wahyuni Elimawaty Rombe Elly Nurachmah Endang Larasati Endriatmo Soetarto Eni Widiastuti, Eni Enny Agustina Eriyatno . Ernanda Manurung, Fachrunnisa Evika, Selvi Fadhlurrahman, Irfan Fadillah, Rizky Fadli M, Muhammad Falatehan, Sriwulan F Fathahillah Fathahillah Fathin, Fathin Kartika Fathullah Fathullah Fauziah, Henny Ferizaldi Ferizaldi Fitria Abdullah Fitriani Syamsul Fuadi Fuadi Ganggang Canggi Arnanto Giri Widakdo Habi Talib, Emil Agusalim Hadi Iskandar Haedar Haedar Hamid, Sofyan Harmanpreet, Harmanpreet Heriyanti, Lesti Hidayat, Andi Muhammad Nur Hidjaz, M. Kamal Hijrah Lahaling Hijri Juliansyah Husna, Wardatul I Rahim, Erman Ibrahim Halim Ida Hayu Dwimawanti IDRIS, MUHAMMAD MA’RUF Ihsan Ihsan Ikbal Ikbal Ike Rosmanita Ike Rosmanita, Ike Ilham Jaya Irfan Fadhlurrahman Irmawati Irmawati Irvan, Nur Fajri Irvita, Misnah Irwan, A Lukman Irwan, A. Ilmi Utami Irwan, A. Lukman Ishak, Lisa Fitriani Ismail, Azhary Jalaluddin, Syatirah Jamaluddin Jamaluddin jaya, Akbar akbar Jelita Inayah Sari Juanda Nawawi, Juanda Juanda, Reza Jumawan Jasman Kamaruddin Kamaruddin Kamaruddin, Imran Kartika, Indah Dwi Khadapi, Muammar Khairil Anwar Khairina Khairina, Khairina Kurniati, Tri Kusnandi Kusnandi La Ode Ismail Ahmad, La Ode Ismail Lala M Kolopaking Lanteng Bustami Laura M Kolopaking, Laura M Linda Mayangsari LS, A. Dahri Adi Patra Lu'mu Lu'mu Lufhi Nabiyah Mahmud Mustafa Mahmud, Moch. Natsir Mahmuddin Mahmuddin Mahsun Mahsun Mahyuni Mahyuni Makalew, Amos Shifrieth Mallu, Satriawaty Mantasia Mantasia Masfuri - Mattalatta, Solihin Ma’ruf Idris, Muh. Mirajiani - Mirajiani, Mirajiani Misbahuddin Misbahuddin Misi, Hasrullah Liong Mohamad Hidayat Muhtar Mon, Muhammad Donal Muammar Khadapi Muh. Akbar Fhad Syahril Muh. Amir Anas Muh. Bili Akbar Muh. Halim Muh. Ma’ruf Idris MUHAMMAD ALI Muhammad Amri Muhammad Faisal Muhammad Hasyem Muhammad Ikbal Muhammad Natsir Muhammad Obie Muhammad Sarjan Muhammad, Aditya Muhartono, Rizky Mujahid Mujahid, Mujahid Multazam, A. Emil Mursalin . Mursidin . Murtala, Murtala Mustamin Mustamin Nashriah Akil Nasir Usman Nasrudin Neni Triana, Neni Ninik Rahayu Ashadi Nur Indah Sari Arbit Nur, Fauzia Nurdiansyah Nurdiansyah Nurheni Wijayanto Nurjannah Nurjannah Nurlinda Nurlinda Nurmala Katrina Pandjaitan Nurul Huda Mursalim Oktoyoki, Hefri Ondeng, Syarifuddin Parida, Desi Permatasari, Mutia Pitri, Aulia Ponta, Tasri Pratama, Ikhtyar Prihatmono, Medy Wisnu Putri Maharani Putri, Luthfiah Qurrata A'yun Abdillah Qadapi, Muammar R. Rusli Rahayu, Indah Rahim, Abdul Jabar Rahim, Rizki Rahmaniar Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar Rahmat Hidayat Rahmatullah Rahmatullah Rahmayanti Rahmayanti Rasyid, Muh. Fadli Faisal Rendiansyah, Rendiansyah Rico Nur Ilham Rilus Kinseng Riska Ayunda, Tia Rismawati Rismawati Rosmina Rosmina Rosmina Rosmina Royandi, Eva Rusdi. R Rusnawati Rusnawati Sabran Sabran Sadu Wasistiono, Sadu Safrullah Amir Sahban, Sahban Said, Marwana Saputra, Irwan Ade Setyawan, Agustinus Sila, Sri Arfiani Rahim Siti Rohana Hariana Intiana Slamet Sutomo Hadipramono Sofyan, Selviana Sonny Koeshendrajana Sri Suharyono Sri Suwitri Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni St. Rukaiyah Suadmaji, Suadmaji Suardi, Suardi Subhan Subhan Sudarman, Darmawan suhaeb, Sutarsi Sukri Sukri Sumiyati Beddu Supratman Supratman, Supratman Surianti Surianti Suryadi Hadi Sutarsi Suhaeb SUTISNA, NUUR SHOFIYAH Suyanu Suyanu SYAFAR, A. MUHAMMAD Syah, Aldi Arifiano Syahbana, Rio Akmal Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Tafalas, Muhammad Guzali Tarmizi Abbas Teuku Zulkarnaen Ti Aisyah Tintin Sarianti Titik Soemarti Titik Sumarti Tridoyo Kusumastanto Trimulato Trimulato, Trimulato trisno trisno Tussaadah, Laila Tuti Herawati Uhas, Afdar Ulfiani Rahman Umar Syarifuddin Ummiati Rahmah Usman Usman Usman, Umaruddin Vitayanti Fattah Wahdania Wahdania Wahyuddin Wahyuddin Watunglawar, B. Waznah, Waznah Wijayanti, Andi Ridha Yayank Wiwin Wiwin, Wiwin Wulandari, Devi Dwi YANITA YANITA, YANITA Yulia Madjid, Irma Yulia Putri, Riska Yuniati Fadilah Yurina Yurina Yusalina Yusalina Yusniar, Yusniar Yustiana Yustiana, Yustiana Zamzam, Nur Zulfa Nur Auliatun Nissa