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All Journal Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Jurnal Intek Akuakultur Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Media Akuakultur Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health Jurnal Penyuluhan Perikanan dan Kelautan Jurnal Abdi Insani Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian Belida Indonesia Journal of Fisheries & Marine Halal Studies and Society Journal of Vocational in Aquaculture (JAVA)
Dinamella Wahjuningrum
Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680
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Journal : Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia

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The effectiveness of cinnamon powder and cinnamon leaf extract to prevent Aeromonas hydrophila infection on striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalamus Susanti, Erni; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Nuryati, Sri; Setiawati, Mia
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.20.2.163-173

Abstract

Striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalamus is one of the intensive cultured commodities. Disease outbreak becomes inevitable to prevent in a fish culture. One of the most frequent disease occurred in striped catfish is the motile aeromonas septicemia (MAS) disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 1% dietary cinnamon powder and 0.5% dietary cinnamon leaf extract on the immune response of striped catfish challenged with A. hydrophila. Striped catfish used in this study sizing of 5.80 ± 0.21 g. This study contained two phases, namely in vitro and in vivo tests. In vitro test contained inhibition zone and antibacterial tests, which demonstrates that 1% cinnamon powder and 0.5% cinnamon leaf extract are effective to inhibit A. hydrophila activity. In vivo test contained four treatments, i.e fish fed with 1% cinnamon leaf powder supplemented diet; 0.5% cinnamon leaf extract supplemented diet, positive control diet, and negative control diet. Each treatment was performed in three replications. The result showed that 1% cinnamon leaf powder supplemented diet obtained the best results to enhance the immune response of striped catfish higher survival rate value at 83.33% than the positive control diet (P<0.05). Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Cinnamomum burmannii, extract, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, powder. ABSTRAK Ikan patin Pangasianodon hypophthalamus termasuk komoditas yang banyak dibudidayakan secara intensif. Kendala budidaya seperti penyakit pun sulit untuk dihindari. Salah satu jenis penyakit yang kerap menyerang ikan patin yaitu penyakit MAS (motile aermomonad septicaemia) yang disebabkan oleh Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas 1% (w/w) tepung dan 0,5% (w/w) ekstrak daun kayu manis dalam pakan sebagai upaya pencegahan infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila pada ikan patin. Ikan patin yang digunakan berukuran 5,80 ± 0,21 g. Penelitian ini terdiri dua tahap yaitu uji in vitro dan uji in vivo. Hasil uji in vitro terhadap aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa dosis 1% (w/w) tepung daun kayu manis dan 0.5% (w/w) ekstrak daun kayu manis efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan A. hydrophila. Uji in vivo terdiri atas empat perlakuan yaitu pemberian pakan dengan penambahan tepung daun kayu manis 1% (w/w), pemberian pakan dengan penambahan ekstrak daun kayu manis 0,5% (w/w), kontrol positif, dan kontrol negatif dengan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 1% (w/w) tepung daun kayu manis dalam pakan memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan respons imun ikan patin dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup sebesar 83,33% lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol positif (P<0,05). Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, Cinnamomum burmannii, ekstrak, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, tepung
Health Status of Spiny Lobster Panulirus homarus with Sub-Mersible Net Cage System in the Different Depths at Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Effendi, Irzal; Hadiroseyani, Yani; Budiardi, Tatag; Diatin, Iis; Setiawati, Mia; Puji Hastuti, Yuni; Oman Sudrajat, Agus; Yonvitner; Sri Nuryati; Utami, Putri
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.1.68-80

Abstract

ABSTRACT Cultivation of Panulirus homarus lobster is now carried out with sub-mersible net cage system at a certain depth in order to obtain optimal temperature, light and water pressure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status of the sand lobster P. homarus which was kept in sub-mersible net cage system measuring 250 cm × 272 cm × 135 cm with a depth of 6 m and 8 m in the waters of Semak Daun Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta. The average size of lobster seeds used was 93.23 ± 0.99 g/head with a density of 4 lobsters/m2. Lobsters were fed trash fish, molluscs and crustaceans, with a frequency of twice a day at 07.00 WIB 30% and 17.00 WIB 70% of the lobster biomass weight. This study used a completely randomized design with the two depth treatments mentioned above and three replications. Observations of total haemocyte count, differential haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst phagocytic activity and histology of lobster hepatopancreas were performed twice every 14 days. Based on the above observations, the depth does not affect the immune response, there is no visible damage to the cells and tissues of the lobster hepatopancreas. Keywords: haemolymph, histology, lobster cultivation, sea, sub-mersible net cage system
The antibacterial activity of clove Syzygium aromaticum extract and its effects on the survival rate of hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂ infected with Vibrio alginolyticus Ode, Inem; Sukenda; Widanarni; Dinamella Wahjuningrum; Munti Yuhana; Mia Setiawati
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.22.1.1-11

Abstract

Vibrio alginolyticus which becomes the main cause of vibriosis disease in grouper culture and causes great economic loss in Asian aquaculture industries. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of clove extract and the effect of adding clove powder to the diet on survival cantang grouper infected with V. alginolyticus. The clove extraction used a maceration method. Two dose levels of clove powder were used, namely 10 and 15 g kg−1. The control treatments without clove powder supplementation contained positive control (CP) and negative control treatment (CN). The results found that the clove extract contained five major compounds. The highest compound was phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-Eugenol (64.07%). Phytochemical analysis of clove extract contained phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins at (28.53 ± 0.00) mg/g, (0.38 ± 0.00) mg/g, and (0.15 ± 0.00) %, respectively. The diameter of the clove extract inhibition zone was significantly different (P < 0.05) in all treatments. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) result presents that the clove extract can alter the V. alginolyticus cell morphology. The dietary supplementation of clove powder improves the survival rate significantly higher (P<0.05) post-challenge test. The conclusion of this research is that clove extract has antibacterial activity that can inhibit growth and cause cell morphological damage to V. alginolyticus. The application of clove powder at a dose of 15g kg-1 was able to improve the survival value which was a higher post-challenge test. Keyword: antibacterial activity, clove, grouper, phytochemical, Vibrio alginolyticus
Dietary evaluation of cinnamaldehyde supplementation with different protein energy levels and ratios in Pacific whitleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Hendriana, Andri; Setiawati, Mia; Jusadi, Dedi; Suprayudi, Muhammad Agus; Ekasari, Julie; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.1.79-91

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance and carbohydrate metabolism of Pacific whiteleg shrimp after feeding with different cinnamaldehyde concentrations and protein-energy ratios. The study used a completely randomized design with six treatments in triplicates. The treatments were S003213; treatment S053213; treatment S052814; treatment S102814; treatment S052815; and treatment S102815. The study was conducted for 56 days in a 76 L volume aquarium using shrimps with 1.38 ± 0.01 g at 200 individuals/m3. The results showed that the S053213 treatment was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to other treatments for the specific growth rate (SGR). Hexokinase (hk) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) produced by the S053213 treatment were significantly different (P<0.05) from the S003213 treatment. The S052815 and S102815 treatments produced higher protein retention (PR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) compared to other treatments (P<0.05) and also produced the same final average weight (FW) as the S003213 treatment. This research shows that vannamei fed by 0.10% supplementation dose of cinnamaldehyde with a decreased feed protein up to 28% and C/P ratio 14 and 15 are able to utilize feed as well as protein 32% without cinnamaldehyde. The addition of cinnamaldehyde with a higher C/P ratio requires a higher dose of cinnamaldehyde than the optimal dose. Keywords: Carbohydrate metabolism, cinnamaldehyde, growth, feed energy ratio, Pacific whiteleg shrimp ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan dan metabolisme karbohidrat udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei yang diberikan kadar sinamaldehid pada protein dan rasio energi pakan berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Adapun perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan kontrol S003213; perlakuan S053213; perlakuan S052814; perlakuan S102814; perlakuan S052815; dan perlakuan S102815. Penelitian dilakukan selama 56 hari pemeliharaan pada akuarium volume 76 L menggunakan udang vaname berukuran 1,38 ± 0,01 g dengan kepadatan 200 individuals/m3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan S053213 berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya untuk parameter laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR). Parameter heksokinase (hk) dan phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) yang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan S053213 dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan perlakuan S003213. Pada perlakuan S052815 dan S102815 menghasilkan retensi protein (PR) dan rasio efisiensi protein (PER) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya (P<0,05) serta menghasilkan bobot rata-rata akhir (FW) sama dengan perlakuan S003213. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa udang vaname yang diberikan suplementasi sinamaldehid sebesar 0,10% dengan protein pakan 28% dan rasio C/P menjadi 14 dan 15 mampu pemanfaatan protein pakan yang sama dengan protein pakan 32% tanpa suplementasi sinamaldehid. Penambahan sinamaldehid dengan rasio C/P yang lebih tinggi membutuhkan dosis sinamaldehid yang lebih tinggi dari dosis optimal. Kata kunci: metabolisme karbohidrat, pertumbuhan, rasio energi pakan, sinamaldehid, udang vaname
Application of probiotic microcapsules Bacillus cereus BR2 with different doses for the prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1 infection in catfish Clarias sp. Faoziyatunnisa, Nurul; Yuhana, Munti; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Nuryati, Sri; Afiff, Usamah
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.134-146

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the administration of microencapsulated probiotic Bacillus cereus BR2 through feed atdifferent doses on the survival, immune response, and digestive enzyme activity of catfish Clarias sp. infected with Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1. The research design consisted of five treatments and three replications: (K-) feeding without the supplementation of probiotics fish injected with Phosphate-buffered saline solution; (K+) feeding without the supplementation of probiotics, fish injected with A. hydrophila NFC1 cell suspension (106 CFU/mL); (P1) feeding with supplementation of B. cereus BR2 microcapsules at a dose of 0.5% (w/w); (P2) feeding with the supplementation of B. cereus BR2 microcapsules at a dose of 1% (w/w; (P3) feeding with the supplementation of B. cereus BR2 microcapsules at a dose of 2% (w/w). All treatments of P1, P2, and P3 were intramuscularly injected with A. hydrophila NFC1 cell suspension. Catfish in average body weight of 3.73 ± 0.22 g were reared in tanks filled with 30 liters of water, at a density of 15 fish per container. A feed supplementation trial was performed for 40 days with feeding times three times a day; and a 5% feeding rate reevaluated based on biomass. Fish rearing was continued after the challenge test with A. hydrophila NFC1 for 10 days. The results showed that the application of supplemented feed containing B. cereus BR2 probiotic microcapsules increased the survival rate, immune response, and digestive enzyme activities of catfish which was infected with A. hydrophila NFC1, 2% microcapsule supplementation demonstrated the best result. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1, Bacillus cereus BR2, catfish, microcapsule, probiotics ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberian mikrokapsul probiotik Bacillus cereus BR2 melalui pakan dengan dosis berbeda terhadap sintasan, respons imun, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan ikan lele Clarias sp. yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu (K-) pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi probiotik dan diinjeksi PBS; (K+) pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi probiotik dan diinfeksi A. hydrophila NFC1; (P1) pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul B. cereus BR2 dosis 0,5% (b/b); (P2) pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul B. cereus BR2 dosis 1%; (P3) pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul B. cereus BR2 dosis 2%, masing-masing diinfeksi A. hydrophila NFC1. Benih lele dengan ukuran bobot rata-rata sekitar 3.73 ± 0.22 g dipelihara di dalam akuarium bervolume 30 L dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per wadah selama 40 hari, dengan pemberian pakan bersuplemen sebanyak tiga kali sehari, dengan 5% pemberian pakan yang dievaluasi berdasarkan bobot biomassa. Pemeliharaan ikan dilanjutkan setelah uji tantang dengan A. hydrophila NFC1 (106 CFU/mL) yang dilakukan hingga 10 hari pasca injeksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi mikrokapsul probiotik B. cereus BR2 melalui pakan mampu meningkatkan sintasan, respons imun, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan ikan lele yang diinfeksi A. hydrophila NFC1, dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul 2% sebagai hasil terbaik. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1, Bacillus cereus BR2, ikan lele, mikrokapsul, probiotik
Distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei through immersion as a natural infection model Sari Anggraeni, Sukma; Sukenda; Nuryati, Sri; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.176-188

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a pathogenic bacterium that indusces mortality is pacific white shrimp. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of V. parahaeomyticus in shrimp through immersion and evaluate, polymerase chain reaction, histopathology, and immune response. The study employed two treatments with four replicates each. Shrimp were infected through immersion with V. parahaemolyticus at a concentration of 107 CFU/mL for 30 minutes, followed by transferring the shrimp to a rearing container. Gill, hepatopancreas, gut, and hemolymph samples were collected at 6, 12, and 24 hours post-infection. Infected shrimp exhibited clinical symptoms such as a pale body and hepatopancreas, along with empty gut. Shrimp mortality reached 97.08%, while no mortality occurred in the control grouph. The abundance of V. parahaemolyticus in organs exceeded 105 CFU/mL. Histopathological examination revealed mild, moderate, and severe damage. PCR confirmation tests at 12 and 24 hours yielded positive results, with a DNA band at 230 bp. Immune responses, including total hemocytes, phagocytic activity, phenoloxidase, and respiratory burst, demonstrated significantly different results (P<0.05). It was concluded that the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in the shrimp body, specifically in the gills, hepatopancreas, and gut, exceed 105 CFU/mL, as confirmed by a 230 bp DNA band in the PCR test. Tissue damage, manifested as lesions and necrosis, occurred in the gills, hepatopancreas, and gut. Additionally, the imun response of Vibrio-infected shrimp was found to be lower than that of uninfected shrimp (negative control). Keywords: distribution, immersion, Litopenaeus vannamei, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ABSTRAK Vibrio parahaemolyticus adalah bakteri patogen yang menyebabkan kematian pada udang vaname. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis distribusi V. parahaemolyticus pada udang melalui perendaman serta kerusakan yang ditimbulkan melalui pengamatan gejala klinis, angka lempeng total bakteri, polymerase chain reaction, histopatologi dan respons imun. Penelitian menggunakan dua perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Udang diinfeksi melalui perendaman menggunakan V. parahaemolyticus 107 CFU/mL selama 30 menit, kemudian udang dipindah pada wadah pemeliharaan. Pengambilan organ insang, hepatopankreas, usus dan hemolim dilakukan pada jam ke-6, 12, dan 24 pascainfeksi. Udang terinfeksi memiliki gejala klinis seperti tubuh dan hepatopankreas pucat, usus kosong. Mortalitas udang mencapai 97.08% dan tidak ada kematian pada udang kontrol. Kelimpahan V. parahaemolyticus pada organ lebih dari 105 CFU/mL. Pengamatan histopatologi menunjukkan kerusakan ringan, sedang, hingga parah. Uji konfirmasi PCR jam ke-12 dan ke-24 menunjukkan hasil positif pada 230 bp. Respons imun seperti total hemosit, aktivitas fagositik, phenoloxidase, respiratory burst menujukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0.05). Disimpulkan bahwa distribusi V. parahaemolyticus di dalam tubuh udang pada terdapat pada insang, hepatopankreas dan usus lebih dari 105 CFU/mL dan terkonfirmasi uji PCR pada pita DNA 230 bp. Kerusakan jaringan seperti lesi dan nekrosis terjadi pada insang, hepatopankreas, dan usus. Respons imun udang yang terinfeksi Vibrio lebih rendah dibandingkan udang yang tidak terinfeksi (kontrol negatif). Kata kunci: distribusi, Litopenaeus vannamei, perendaman, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
The potential of bacteriophage for controlling Vibrio parahaemolyticus as in-vitro Ansani Takwin, Bagus; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Widanarni, Widanarni; Nasrullah, Hasan
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.122-133

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection is a major threat to Pacific white shrimp aquaculture, causing significant shrimp mortality. Bacteriophages (phages) provide a promising antibiotic alternative due to their specificity towards specific bacteria. This research includes essential steps isolating phages from shrimp pond water and characterizing them, including plaque morphology, spot tests, phage density evaluations, host range assessments, and in vitro studies targeting V. parahaemolyticus. In-vitro tests encompassed six treatments, each with three replicates: negative control (K-), positive control (K+), antibiotic control, phage density of 107 (FB7), phage density of 108 (FB8), and phage density of FB109 (FB9). Phages were successfully isolated from shrimp pond water in Banyuwangi, indicated by plaque formation on double-layer agar media. These phages exhibited morphological characteristics, featuring small, round plaques (d= 0.02-0.5 ± 0.08 cm) with flat, wavy edges and clear plaque. Phage plaques were amplified with an average density of 3.5×109 PFU/mL. Host range tests revealed that only V. parahaemolyticus Situbondo was susceptible to the isolated phages, while five other bacterial strains were not. In bacterial inhibition tests, treatments with different phage densities significantly outperformed the negative control, media control, and antibiotic control. However, the antibiotic control performed better than phage density treatments (0.61 ± 0.01). All phage density treatments effectively reduced V. parahaemolyticus density compared to the negative control, with the most favorable results observed in the FB9 treatment at a density of 109 PFU/mL. Keywords: Aquaculture, antibiotic, bacteriophage, vannamei shrimp, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ABSTRAK Penyakit akibat infeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus menjadi perhatian utama dalam budidaya udang vaname saat ini karena dapat menyebabkan kematian massal pada udang. Penggunaan bakteriofage (fage) dapat menjadi alternatif solusi untuk menggantikan antibiotik, karena fage bersifat spesifik pada bakteri tertentu. Penelitian ini meliputi beberapa tahapan, yaitu isolasi fage dari beberapa sumber air tambak, karakterisasi fage meliputi morfologi plak fage, spot test, dan uji kisaran inang, serta uji in vitro penghambatan V. parahaemolyticus oleh fage. Uji in vitro dilakukan dengan enam perlakuan dan masing masing tiga ulangan yaitu kontrol negatif (K-), kontrol positif (K+), kontrol antibiotik, kepadatan fage 107 (FB7), kepadatan fage 108 (FB8), dan kepadatan fage 109 (FB9). Penelitian ini berhasil mengisolasi fage yang bersumber dari air tambak udang di Banyuwangi ditandai dengan terbentuknya plak pada media double layer agar, dengan ciri morfologisnya berbentuk titik-titik dan bulat besar (d= 0,02 ± 0,08 cm), tepian rata dan bergelombang serta memiliki warna plak yang bening. Plak fage dapat diperbanyak dengan densitas fage rata-rata 3,5×109 PFU/mL. Untuk uji kisaran inang menggunakan 6 jenis bakteri dengan sumber dan strain yang berbeda, menunjukkan bahwa hanya bakteri V. parahaemolyticus Situbondo yang dapat lisis oleh fage hasil isolasi, sedangkan lima jenis bakteri lainnya tidak. Pada daya hambat bakteri, perlakuan dengan penambahan pada setiap densitas fage berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif, kontrol media dan kontrol antibiotik, walaupun kontrol antibiotik lebih baik dari perlakuan densitas fage (0,61 ± 0,01). Semua perlakuan kepadatan fage mampu mengurangi kepadatan V. parahaemolyticus dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol negatif. Hasil terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan FB9 yaitu 109 PFU/mL. Kata kunci: akuakultur, antibiotik, bakteriofage, udang vaname, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Potential of Eurycoma longifolia, Curcuma zedoaria, and Allium sativum extracts as phytobiotics for shrimp health Iqbal Kurniawinata, Mohamad; Sukenda, Sukenda; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Widanarni, Widanarni; Ekasari, Julie
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.24.1.71-81

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of Eurycoma longifolia, Curcuma zedoaria, and Allium sativum in improving the immune response and resistance of whiteleg shrimp to prevent Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. The study consisted of two phases, an in vitro phase to determine the compounds contained in three medicinal plants as antibacterials, followed by an in vivo phase to evaluate the effect of the medical plant extract on immune response and robustness against V. parahaemolyticus. The results from the first phase revealed that bioactive compounds present in E. longifolia were more varied and had higher concentrations with a lower bactericidal value when compared to those found in C. zedoaria or A. sativum. In the second phase of the experiment, the medicinal plant extract was added to the feed with a dose that was determined according to the first phase results. The treatments tested in the second phase were 1.6% E. longifolia extract dietary addition (EL16), 6.4% C. zedoaria extract dietary addition (CZ64), 6.4% A. sativum extract dietary addition (AS64) and phytobiotics mixture of 1:1:1 (C1) dietary addition, as well as no phytobiotic for negative control treatment and positive control. The results from the second stage demonstrated that dietary phytobiotic extract addition enhances the immunological responses and improves the shrimp survival against V. parahaemolyticus challenge compared to the control group. In conclusion, E. longifolia, C. zedoaria, and A. sativum showed different bioactive compound profiles, which affect their efficacy against V. parahaemolyticus, with EL16 showing higher efficacy. Keywords: A. sativum, C. zedoaria, E. longifolia, Penaeus vannamei, Phytobiotic ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efikasi Eurycoma longifolia, Curcuma zedoaria, dan Allium sativum dalam meningkatkan respon imun dan resistensi udang vaname untuk mencegah infeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap: tahap in vitro untuk menentukan senyawa yang terkandung dalam tiga tanaman obat sebagai antibakteri, diikuti oleh tahap in vivo untuk mengevaluasi efek ekstrak tanaman obat terhadap respon imun dan ketahanan terhadap V. parahaemolyticus. Hasil dari tahap pertama mengungkapkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif yang ada dalam E. longifolia lebih bervariasi dan memiliki konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi dengan nilai bakterisida yang lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan yang ditemukan di C. zedoaria atau A. sativum. Pada percobaan tahap kedua, ekstrak tanaman obat ditambahkan ke pakan dengan dosis yang ditentukan sesuai dengan hasil tahap pertama. Perlakuan yang diuji pada tahap kedua adalah penambahan 1,6% ekstrak E. longifolia dalam pakan (EL16), penambahan 6,4% ekstrak C. zedoaria dalam pakan (CZ64), penambahan 6,4% ekstrak A. sativum dalam pakan (AS64) dan campuran fitobiotik 1:1:1 (C1) dalam pakan, serta tanpa fitobiotik untuk perlakuan kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif. Hasil dari tahap kedua menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak fitobiotik dalam pakan meningkatkan respons imunologi dan memperbaiki kelangsungan hidup udang terhadap tantangan V. parahaemolyticus dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Sebagai kesimpulan, E. longifolia, C. zedoaria, dan A. sativum menunjukkan profil senyawa bioaktif yang berbeda, yang mempengaruhi efikasinya terhadap V. parahaemolyticus, dengan EL16 menunjukkan efikasi yang lebih tinggi. Kata kunci: Allium sativum, Curcuma zedoaria, Eurycoma. longifolia, fitobiotik, Penaeus vannamei
Antibiofilm of metabolites of the Proteus myxofaciens JB 20B for the prevention and treatment of vaname shrimp infected with Vibrio harveyi bacteria Tri Rezeki, Nanda; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Widanarni, Widanarni; Elizabeth Waturangi, Diana
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.24.1.111-120

Abstract

Vibrio harveyi is one of the common bacteria that cause disease in vaname shrimp. The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of bacterial metabolites Proteus myxofaciens JB 20B as an antibiofilm agent in the prevention and treatment of V. harveyi infected vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The experimental design included eight treatments and three replicates: K- (negative control), K+ (positive control), PCA and PGA (antibiotic control 50 g/100ml for preventive and treatment), PCE (preventive extract 0.1 ml/Kg feed), PCS (preventive supernatant 20 ml/Kg feed), PGE (treatment extract 0.1 ml/Kg feed), and PGS (treatment supernatant 20 ml/Kg feed). On day 15th, vaname shrimp were intramuscularly infected with 106 CFU/mL of V. harveyi. Examining clinical symptoms, viewing histology, assessing total hemocyte count, phagocytosis activity, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst, and growth performance. According to the findings of this study, the treatment of bacterial metabolites P. myxofaciens JB 20B (PCE, PCS, PGE, and PGS) is superior to the positive control (K+) treatment in terms of reducing shrimp hepatopancreas necrosis, increasing the value of total hemocyte count, phagocytosis activity, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst, and growth performance of vaname shrimp through feeding in both prevention and treatment. The use of P. myxofaciens JB 20B bacterial metabolites to control V. harveyi infection in vaname shrimp yielded the best results in the supernatant treatment. Keywords: antibiofilm, biofilm, Proteus myxofaciens JB 20B, vannamei shrimp, Vibrio harveyi ABSTRAK Vibrio harveyi merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab penyakit pada udang vaname. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas metabolit bakteri Proteus myxofaciens JB 20B sebagai agen antibiofilm dalam pencegahan dan pengobatan udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang terinfeksi V. harveyi. Rancangan penelitian ini terdiri dari delapan perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan: K- (kontrol negatif), K+ (kontrol positif), PCA dan PGA (kontrol antibiotik 50 g/100ml untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan), PCE (ekstrak pencegahan 0,1 ml/Kg pakan), PCS (supernatan pencegahan 20 ml/Kg pakan), PGE (ekstrak pengobatan 0,1 ml/Kg pakan), dan PGS (supernatan pengobatan 20 ml/Kg pakan). Pada hari ke-15, udang vaname diinfeksi secara intramuskular dengan 106 CFU/mL V. harveyi. Memeriksa gejala klinis, melihat histologi, menilai jumlah hemosit total, aktivitas fagositosis, aktivitas phenoloxidase, respiratory burst, dan performa pertumbuhan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, perlakuan metabolit bakteri P. myxofaciens JB 20B (PCE, PCS, PGE, dan PGS) lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol positif (K+) dalam hal mengurangi nekrosis hepatopankreas udang, meningkatkan nilai jumlah hemosit total, aktivitas fagositosis, aktivitas phenoloxidase, respiratory burst, dan performa pertumbuhan udang vaname melalui pemberian pakan pasca infeksi baik pada pencegahan maupun pada pengobatan. Penggunaan metabolit bakteri P. myxofaciens JB 20B untuk mengendalikan infeksi V. harveyi pada udang vaname memberikan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan supernatan. Kata kunci: antibiofilm, biofilm, Proteus myxofaciens JB 20B, udang vaname, Vibrio harveyi
Co-Authors , Rahman, , , Ranta, , Ade Dwi Sasanti Ade Sunarma Afiff , Usamah Agus Oman Sudrajat Al-Faruqi, Muhammad Umar Aldy Mulyadin Alimuddin Aminatul Zahra Anang Hari Kristanto Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Ardana Kurniaji Astari, Belinda Bagus Ansani Takwin Bambang Riyanto Dadang Kurniawan Daniel Happy Putra DEDI JUSADI Dendi Hidayatullah Dendi Hidayatullah, Dendi Dewi Nurhayati Diah Ayu Lestari, Diah Ayu Dian Eka Ramadhani Dian Hardiantho Eddy Supriyono Efianda, Teuku Reza Eka Hidayatus Solikhah Elizabeth Waturangi, Diana Encah Ewi Mulyeti Erni Susanti Fadhila Maharani Putri Faoziyatunnisa, Nurul Fiska Puspita Gustilatov, Muhamad Hamida Pattah Harton Arfah Hasan Nasrullah Hasanah, Mulyati Hendriana, Andri Herawati Rasid Hidayat, Acep Muhamad Iis Diatin Iis Widiani Ikhsan Khasani Ikhsan Khasani Iman Rusmana Inem Ode Iqbal Kurniawinata, Mohamad Irawan, D Y Irzal Effendi Julie Ekasari Karno Setyotomo Kautsar, Badar Khoirul Umam Kukuh Nirmala Kustiariyah Tarman Laely Nuzullia M. Faisol Riza Ghozali M. Zairin Junior M.A. Lidaenni Maulana, Fajar Mia Setiawati Muhamad Ali MUHAMMAD AGUS SUPRAYUDI Muhammad Arif Mulya Muharram Nur Ikhsan Mulyadin, Aldy MUNTI YUHANA Nasri Julaini Nasrullah, Hasan Nazar, Danella Austraningsih Puspa nFN Safratilofa NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK Nurbariah Nurbariah Nuzullia, Laely Ode, Inem Pratama, Ahmad Trio Puguh Widagdo Puji Hastuti, Yuni Putra, The Best Akbar Esa Putri Shandra Ramhirez Putri Utami, Putri Ramadhani, Dian Eka Ramadhina, Erina Tri Ramhirez, Putri Shandra Retno Astrini Ririn Nurul Fauziah, Ririn Nurul Rizkiyanti, Ita Rudi, Mad Ruspindo Syahputra Sahrul Alim Saputri, Rika Ani Sari Anggraeni, Sukma Shavika Miranti Sri Hariati Sri Nuryati Sri Nuryati Sukenda Sukenda . Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Tatag Budiardi Taufiq Abdullah Taufiq Abdullah Taufiq Abdullah, Taufiq Tiara Puspa Anjani Tri Rezeki, Nanda Vinasyam, Apriana Wahyu Ramadhan Wesly Pasaribu Widanarni Widanarni WIDANARNI WIDANARNI Wildan Nurussalam Wira H Saputra Y. Hadiroseyani Yan Evan Yan Evan Yani Aryati Yonvitner - Yuke Eliyani Yuke Eliyani Zulhelmi, Arif