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Journal : Jurnal Sylva Lestari

Influence of Puspa Wood and Coconut Trunk Combination on the Characteristics of Cross-Laminated Timber Bonded with Polyurethane Adhesive Siti Aisyah; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis; Muhammad Iqbal Maulana; Rita Kartika Sari; Wahyu Hidayat
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): January
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v11i1.647

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristic of cross-laminated timber (CLT) made from puspa (Schima wallichii) wood, coconut (Cocos nucifera) trunk, and their combination using a polyurethane (PU) adhesive. The manufacturing of CLT begins with the characterization of the adhesive and wood materials used in this study. The CLT panels are made with dimensions of 100 cm × 30 cm × 3.6 cm. The laminate was organized into three layers with the face/core/back, namely puspa wood (PPP), coconut trunk (CCC), and their combination (PCP and CPC), perpendicular to each other using polyurethane adhesive with a glue spread of 160 g.m-2. The physical and mechanical properties of the CLT were assessed according to the JAS 3079 (2019) standard. The results showed that the polyurethane adhesive used in this study could cure optimally at a temperature of 30°C for 200 minutes. Puspa wood and coconut trunk had different physical and chemical properties but had similar wettability to polyurethane adhesives. The physical and mechanical characteristics of coconut CLT were better than puspa CLT. Based on the overall test results, the puspa hybrid CLT is better than the single wood species of the CLT. In contrast to coconut hybrid CLT, the single CLT of CCC was better than its hybrid CLT. Keywords: Coconut trunk, cross-laminated timber, layer combination, polyurethane adhesive, puspa wood
Wood Pellet Driven-Biochar Characterization Produced at Different Targeted Pyrolysis Temperatures Irma Thya Rani; Jiho Yoo; Byung Bae Park; Wahyu Hidayat; Bangun Adi Wijaya; Sihyun Lee; Sangdo Kim; Hokyung Choi; Donghyuk Chun; Hyuk Im; Soohyun Kim
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 11 No. 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v11i3.796

Abstract

The imperative transition to renewable energy drives the need for innovation. Biomass, particularly wood pellets, has demonstrated poor performance in co-firing scenarios. This study employed pyrolysis to convert wood pellets into biochar with improved fuel quality. The biochar production and characterization were investigated at pyrolysis temperatures of 400°C to 500°C. The findings revealed significant improvements: the observed fixed carbon content increased from 67.2% to 78.8%, and the calorific value increased 1.2 times higher within the pyrolysis temperature increased. On the other hand, as the pyrolysis temperature increased from 400°C to 500°C, biochar yields decreased from 49% to 37%. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis revealed distinct weight loss during heating, illuminating component volatilization and residue accumulation. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy elucidated structural changes, demonstrating the evolution of cellulose and hemicellulose into aromatic structures. Ultimately, these insights into biochar characteristics informed the optimization of pyrolysis processes, contributing to the production of superior biochar for renewable energy applications. Keywords: biochar, biomass, carbon storage, pyrolysis, wood pellet
Hybrid Biopellets Characterization of Gamal Wood (Gliricidia sepium) and Robusta Coffee Husk at Various Compositions Putri, Mangifera Indica Dhaifullah Wangun; Murda, Rio Ardiansyah; Maulana, Sena; Octaviani, Eti Artiningsih; Sari, Nurika Arum; Hasibuan, Mhd Muhajir; Aulia, Fauzan; Hidayat, Wahyu
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v12i3.913

Abstract

Biopellets from gamal wood (Gliricidia sepium) as a biomass energy resource could be an alternative to replace fossil fuels due to having met standards based on moisture content, ash content, fixed carbon, calorific value, and density. Unfortunately, they still had high levels of volatile matter. Robusta coffee husk was a material with high nitrogen content, which is suspected of being able to bind aromatic substances in volatile organic compounds. This study aims to evaluate the quality of biopellets and determine the optimum composition of the biopellets from gamal wood and coffee husk. The blended composition of gamal wood and coffee husk biopellets studied were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The biopellets were manufactured using the material size of 40-60 mesh with a pressure of 173.51 MPa. The best biopellet was produced in the composition of 75% gamal wood and 25% coffee husk, with a density of 0.85 g/cm3, moisture content of 8.03%, ash content of 3.92%, volatile substances of 78.01%, fixed carbon of 18.07%, and calorific value of 4,176 cal/g. The biopellet quality met the standards of SNI 8021:2014 and EN 14061-2, except for ash content. Adding coffee husk reduced gamal wood biopellet’s volatile matter, increasing the fixed carbon and density of gamal wood biopellets. Keywords: alkali immersion, bamboo, bio-composite, oriented strand board, pre-treatment
Species Diversity and Herbal Medicine Utilization of Mangrove Plants: A Comparative Study among Coastal Communities in Lampung Duryat; Yuwono, Slamet Budi; Riniarti, Melya; Hidayat, Kuswanta Futas; Hidayat, Wahyu; Rodiani; Damai, Abdulah Aman; Prasetyo, Pangestu; Dani, Hafiz Ansori
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v12i3.936

Abstract

Biodiversity and local wisdom in mangrove ethnopharmacology are essential to study as a basis for conservation and health development. The study objectives were determining mangroves’ diversity and distribution, their use as herbal medicine, and their trusted medical properties. Vegetation analysis was employed to study the mangrove diversity. An interview and observation were conducted to study mangrove utilization. Mangrove diversity was determined by examining the diversity index. Mangrove utilization was determined by descriptive comparative analysis and calculating species use value, plant part value, and fidelity level. Total 28 species of mangroves from 15 families in Lampung. The highest mangrove diversity is in Lampung Timur (22 species; Shannon Index (H') = 1.93), followed by Pesawaran (21 species; H' = 1.96), Tulang Bawang (12 species; H' = 1.24), and Lampung Selatan (11 species H' = 0.90). Surprisingly, a species was used for different purposes in different areas. S. caeseolaris has the highest species use value of 0.1591. Leaves have the highest plant part value of 58%. R. apiculata, as an antiseptic, and S. caseolaris, as an antioxidant, have the highest fidelity level, 14%. Eight mangrove species trusted by the community have ten medical properties. This finding could be the basis for scientific studies to find new sources of medicine. Keywords: biodiversity, costal area, ethnopharmacology, herbal medicine, mangrove
Field Evaluation of Biochar Application on the Early Growth of Falcataria moluccana: Effects of Pyrolysis Temperatures and Biochar Application Rates Wijaya, Bangun Adi; Riniarti, Melya; Hidayat, Wahyu; Prasetia, Hendra; Yoo, Jiho; Park, Byung Bae
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v13i1.1134

Abstract

Faltacaria moluccana at its early plantation, is devastated by heat and water stress due to current global climate change. Production forests in Indonesia suggested to use biochar to enhance the durability of early growth F. moluccana in the field. Empty fruit bunches (EFB), a gigantic abundant waste material in Indonesia, pose its potential as biochar feedstock. This study aims to evaluate the effects of EFB biochar on the growth of F. moluccana for one year in a field setting. The experiment used two biochar application rates (25 and 50 tons/ha) and biochar produced at two pyrolysis temperatures (400°C and 600°C). Climatic factors (rainfall and average temperature) were monitored to assess how biochar interacted with field conditions to influence the growth of F. moluccana. EFB biochar increased height and diameter increment by up to 25% and 42%, respectively, compared to control after one year. While pyrolysis temperatures show no impact on growth, biochar application rates of 25 and 50 tons/ha significantly boost diameter increments by 36% and 42%, respectively, compared to controls, without affecting height. Biochar also improves monthly growth increments under water and heat stress. EFB biochar optimizes growth under current climate conditions in Indonesia and mitigates the negative effects of extreme temperature fluctuations. Keywords: biochar, early plant growth, empty fruit bunch, Faltacaria moluccana, field experiment
Characteristics of Cold-Setting Adhesive Derived from Waste Styrofoam for Bonding Laminated Gmelina (Gmelina arborea) Wood Karliati, Tati; Dungani, Rudi; Hadiyane, Anne; Hidayat, Wahyu; Lubis, Muhammad Adly Rahandi
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): May
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl.v13i2.1080

Abstract

Developing cold-setting adhesives derived from waste styrofoam (WS) of expanded polystyrene foam for laminated gmelina wood involves innovative recycling of WS into functional adhesives. As a type of thermoplastic polymer, WS can be used as an adhesive at room temperature. In this study, WS was functionalized into cold-setting adhesives through dissolution and cross-linking reaction with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) at a concentration of 40% w/v at 60°C. The mixture was then stirred at 200 rpm for 30 minutes. The adhesive is characterized by its ability to be set at room temperature, offering environmental benefits and practical applications in wood lamination. Solids content, gelation time, viscosity, cohesion strength, functional group analysis, morphological features, and curing temperature analysis were performed to characterize the cold-setting adhesives. The WS-MDI-40% had 62.4% solids content, 906.8 mPa.s viscosity, 182.3 Pa cohesion strength, and 197.8 minutes of gelation time at room temperature. The adhesion performance was evaluated in laminated wood using gmelina wood at glue spread rates of 250 and 300 g/m2 and cold-pressed at various durations. The block shear strength value of laminated wood bonded with WS-MDI-40% at 300 g/m2 and cold-pressed for 24 hours was higher than that of other samples, reaching 8.2 MPa, which met the Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS No. 234) for glued laminated timber, exceeding the minimum requirement of 5.4 MPa. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that the cold-setting WS-MDI-40% were cross-linked via urethane linkages (R–NH–COO–R). The free –N=C=O groups could react with the –OH groups of gmelina wood to produce laminated wood during cold-pressing. This study suggested a recycling alternative of WS into a cold-setting wood adhesive for laminated wood, which can be utilized in interior applications. Keywords: adhesive, block shear strength, cohesion strength, cold-setting, gmelina wood
Co-Authors Abdullah Aman Damai Abimanyu, Bondan Adesna Fatrawana Adesna Fatrawana Afif Bintoro Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Setiawan Agus Setiawan Ainin Niswati Ainin Niswati Ainin Niswati Al Qorny, Faiz Alim Fadila Rahman Anis Ambarwati Anne Carolina Apri H Iswanto Apriyanita Pitri Ningrum Apriyanita Pitri Ningrum Arief Darmawan Awandi, Hafizh Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bainah Sari Dewi Bangun Adi Wijaya Bangun Adi Wijaya Bondan Abimanyu Byantara Darsan Purusatama Byung Bae Park Ceng Asmarahman Ching K Man Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Damai, Abdulah Aman Dani, Hafiz Ansori Deded Sarip Nawawi Denni Prasetia Destia Novasari Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani, Dewi Agustina Dian Iswandaru Dian Iswandaru Donghyuk Chun Doni Hapsoro Dungani, Rudi Duryat Duryat Duryat Duryat Duryat Duryat, Duryat Elvara D Satria Eti Artiningsih Octaviani Eva Yunita Eva Yunita Fahriya Puspita Sari Faizatul FALAH Fajri, Ahmad Khairil Falah Rizkasumarta Fauzan Aulia Fauzi Febrianto Fauzi, Daffa Naufalian Febryanto, Indra Gumay Fitriana, Yulia Rahma Go Un Yang Gunawan, Rhezandy Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim Hadida, Ratu Husaina Hadiyane, Anne Handian Purwawangsa Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Harianto, Sugeng P. Hendra Prasetia Hendra Prasetia Hendra Prasetia Hokyung Choi Hyuk Im Indra G Febryano Indra Gumay Febryano Indra Gumay Febryano Intan F Suri Intan Fajar Suri Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irwan Sukri Banuwa Ismayati, Maya Iswandaru, Dian Jacky Michael Pah Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jong Ho Kim Kadek Wikan Nandini Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Karliati, Tati Kaskoyo, Hari Kuswanta Futas Hidayat Kuswanta Futas Hidayat Laksana, Raden Permana Budi Lia Mulyana Lina Nur Aminah Lina Nur Aminah Lisman Suryanegara Lubis, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Mareli Talaumbanua Marwanto Marwanto Marwanto Maulana, Sena Maulana, Sena Melya Riniarti Melya Riniarti Mhd Muhajir Hasibuan Mia Putri Utami Mia Putri Utami Mohamad I Sya'bani Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Aldo Kurniansyah Muhammad Alfaridzi Muhammad Iqbal Adi Baskara Muhammad Iqbal Maulana Naili Rahmah Nam Hun Kim Nam Hun Kim Nindya Triya Puspita Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat Nugraha, Muhammad Dimaz Nurpine Nadeak Nurpine Nadeak Oktarine Melly Aminah Harum Park, Byung Bae Park, Byung Dae Permana, Anom Tahta Prasetyo, Pangestu Putri, Mangifera Indica Dhaifullah Wangun Rafical Cahaya Utama Rahmat Safe’i Rahmat Safe’i Rahmi Adi Bazenet Rahmi Adi Bazenet Rahmi Adi Bazenet Rani, Irma Tya Rara Diantari Rasyidah Amany Rini Nurindarwati Rio Ardiansyah Murda Rita K Sari Rita Kartika Sari Rodiani Rodiani Rodiani Rommy Qurniati Rubiyanti, Tri Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rynaldo Davinsy Safe’i, Rahmat Salsabila, Sahda Samsul Bakri Samsul Bakri Sandi Asmara Sanena, Tia Silvia Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Saputra, Bagus sari, nurika arum See P Hwee Seldi Prayoga Seung Hwan Lee Shalehudin Denny Ma’ruf Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang Mangurai Siti Aisyah Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti Siti Mutiara Ridjayanti Slamet Budi Yuwono Slamet Budi Yuwono Sofiyan, Ade Soleh Muhamad Soleh Muhamad Soohyun Kim Sri Hidayati Sumaryo Gito Saputro Suri, Intan Fajar Susni Herwanti Susni Herwanti Tengku Muhammad Renzy Hariz Tri Putri Siadari Tri Putri Siadari Tri Yulianto Tri Yulianto Tri Yulianto Tsani, Machya Kartika Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Wahyu Abdul Rahman Widya FATRIASARI Wijaya, Bangun Adi Winarno, Gunardi Djoko Winarno, Gunardi Djoko Wisnu Satyajaya Wulandari, Christin Yadav, Sumit Manohar Yazid Bindar Yogi Sulistio Yoo, Jiho Yunita, Repha Sera Yusuf Sudo Hadi Zaini, Lukmanul Hakim