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Journal : JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science

Modern Plant Breeding For Sustainable Agriculture: A Review Selvia Dewi Pohan; Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin; Jamsari Jamsari; Tika Runifah
JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2021): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jijcs.4.1.9-16.2021

Abstract

More foods are required to fulfill human need. The limitation of the farming area is leading to intensification system in crop cultivation, so the use of chemical properties and environmental destruction cannot be denied. However, this industrial practice in the crop system has caused many adverse effects on ecological balance and human health. Many severe impacts of industrial agriculture practices have been reported, including soil erosion, groundwater contamination, loss of productivity, depletion of fossil resources, air pollution, new threats to human health and safety. Many experts agreed that sustainable agriculture seems to be an effective way to solve these issues. Modern plant breeding is now a popular approach to provide superior crop cultivars that can minimize adverse effects of agriculture practices because humans can recognize and manipulated genes through this method. Recently, the application of molecular markers in plant breeding selection has been brought enthusiasm for plant breeders. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been evidenced to be a beneficial technique in plant breeding. Through this approach, the selection process of parents and progenies in the breeding process could be more efficient. Plant breeding is influential in crop production achievement because this effort is connected with the adaptability and stability of the varieties in many different environmental circumstances. Plant breeding also focuses on agriculture sustainability due to its effort to produces durable disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, nutrients, and water-use efficiency.
Effectivity of Arbuscular Mycorrhyza Fungi (AMF) and Nitrogen Fertilizer on The Growth and Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) Firsta Ninda Rosadi; Roza Yunita; Jamsari Jamsari
JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2021): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jijcs.4.1.29-32.2021

Abstract

One of the main products of sunflower is the seed which is a producer of vegetable oil that is needed in the pharmaceutical industry and the health sector. The price of sunflower seed oil is currently very high for the market but sunflower production in Indonesia is quite low. This potential can be used as the basis for the development of sunflower cultivation in Indonesia. One of the efforts to increase the content of sunflower seed oil is to improve proper cultivation techniques and modifications in cultivation techniques. One of the cultural techniques in increasing production is to get the right dose of nitrogen (N) fertilization. The addition of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) is expected to increase the absorption of N nutrients in the soil, thereby increasing the growth and yield of sunflowers. This study aimed 1) effectivity of AMF and nitrogen fertilizer application with various doses on growth and yield of sunflower, 2) to obtain the right dose of N fertilizer on growth and yield of sunflower The study used a Split-plot Design with 3 replications. The first factor as the main plot is AMF i.e. F0 = without AMF, F1 = with AMF 5 g hole-1. The second factor as a sub-plot is the dose of urea fertilizer with 4 levels i.e. N1 = 50 kg N Ha-1, N2 = 100 kg N Ha-1, N3 = 150 kg N Ha-1, N4 = 200 kg N Ha-1. Observations data were evaluated by analysis of variance if the obtained F count was greater than F table 5% followed by a further test of DNMRT at the 5% significant level. Result showed 1) the effectivity of AMF and nitrogen fertilization on sunflowers was able to increase the number of leaves, accelerate the initiation of flowering, increase the diameter of sunflowers, total seeds per plant, the weight of 100 seeds, and seed production per plant, 2) Economically, the application of nitrogen fertilizer with a dose of 150 kg N Ha-1 is more appropriate in increasing the growth and production of sunflowers
Weed Vegetation Analysis and Response to Sunflower Extracts in the Uplands Winda Purnama Sari; Fitri Ekawati; Jamsari Jamsari
JERAMI : Indonesian Journal of Crop Science Vol 6 No 2 (2024): JIJCS
Publisher : Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jijcs.6.2.48-55.2024

Abstract

Weeds are plants whose presence is unwanted by humans because of competition with cultivated plants for nutrients, sunlight, and growing space, producing allelochemicals that interfere with plant growth, reduce production and product quality, and increase farming costs. The continuous use of synthetic herbicides has adverse effects on the environment and health, so it is necessary to seek a weed control mechanism that is more efficient and environmentally friendly. One is utilizing secondary metabolites, namely sunflower plant allelochemicals, that can control weeds. This study aims to determine the response of weeds to the application of extracts of sunflower plant parts as bioherbicides. This research was conducted in three stages: raw material preparation, extraction, and application. The results obtained 17 weed species in the experimental field of Nagari Selayo Tanang Bukit Sileh from 7 families (Asteraceae, Poaceae, Lythraceae, Polygonaceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, and Mazaceae) and two weed classes (broadleaf weeds and grasses). The bioherbicide efficacy of sunflower extract (Helianthus annus L.) has not caused symptoms of toxicity in weeds.
Co-Authors -, Urnemi -, Vovien . Dachryanus Abdi Dharma Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Adrial Adrial, Adrial Afriwardi Afriwardi Agustian Agustian Ahmad Denian Ali Rahmad Ali Rahmat Aliya, Lisana Shidiqqin Alvarino Ananda, Abi Awfa Rahman Andani Eka Putra Andika Ade Saputra Arif Sardi Armaini - Arni Amir Arnim Arnim Asman Manaf Azhar, Minda Azmi Dhalimi Buana, Gherriandi R. Cuandra, Kevin N. Dachryanus, Dachryanus Delmi Sulastri DESSY NATALIA Djong Hon Tjong E. Y. Rahman E. Y. Rahman Efrida Efrida ekawati, fitri elara resigia Elly Syafriani Elmatris , Elmatris Elvi Zuriyani ELVI ZURIYANI Endang Purwati RN Endrinaldi , Endrinaldi Eryati Darwin Eryka Okta Juanty Eryka Okta Juanty FA Febria Fatchiyah Fatchiyah Febria, FA Femy Riwany Firjatullah, Muhammad F. Friska Eka Fitria Gumilar, Erry Gusmawartati Gusmawartati Hamda Fauza Hanifah, Wafiq Hardisman Hasbi Al Huda Hasibuan, Imron Martua Hazmi, Auliya A. Herviyanti Herviyanti Ida Parwati Ifan Aulia Candra Irawati Chaniago Irfan Suliansyah ISHAK ISHAK MANTI Ishak Manti Ishak Manti Istino Ferita Jeanne Venora Jumsu Trisno Karmia, Hudila Rifa Lidya Sari Utami Lily Syukriani Lipoeto NI Liza Aulia Yusfi Maharani, Annisa D. Maulana, Rafi Meisilva Erona Meisilva Erona S Minda Azhar Mirnawati Mirnawati ML Edy Parwanto Mochammad Imron Awalludin Muhamad Irsyad Murdaningsih H. Karmana N Nasir N Nurhidayat N Nurhidayat, N Nasril Nasir Nasril Nasir Nasrul Zubir Natalia, Dessy Nefilinda Nefilinda Nefilinda Nefilinda Nelson, Nelvianti Netty Suharti Ningsih, Azma Risilvia Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin Nur Afrainin Syah Nurainas Nurainas Nursyafi, Fauzan Syarif Obel Obel Obel, Obel Prayogi, Norbertus M. Putra, Andika Chandra Rachmad Hersi Martinsyah Rahmad, Ali Rahman, Awalil RK. Rahmi Handayani Rahmi Kamelia Ramadhan, Nugraha Renfiyeni Reni Koja Respati, Aditya Nugraha Retno Ariza Soeprihatini Soemarwoto Rhenly Danis Rika Despica Rika Despica Rosadi, Firsta Ninda Roza Yunita Rusfidra rusfidra Sahrul Utama Saipul Sihotang, Saipul Salma Salma Salma Salma Sanusi Ibrahim Sarbaini Sarbaini Sartika, Diza Selvia Dewi Pohan Seswita, Seswita Silvia Permata sari Slamet Rianto SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sumaryati Syukur Sumaryati Syukur Suswita, Rini Syamsurizal Syamsurizal Syazili Mustofa Tika Runifah Trimuri Habazar TRIMURTI HABAZAR Tristan, Christopher D. Urnemi - Urnemi Urnemi V. Maslami Vovien - Wahyudi, Dhyani P. Wardi, Epi Supri Wawan Abdullah Setiawan Winda Purnama Sari Winda Purnama Sari Y Heryandi Y. Marlida Y. S. Nur Yahono, Angela S. Yanwirasti Yanwirasti Yanwirasti Yenny, Satya W. Yuniar Lestari Yurnalis Yurnalis Yusrawati Yusrawati Yustini Alioes ZK Abdurahman Baizal Zulkarnain Chaidir