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Pemberian Vaksin Formalin Killed Cell (FKC) Vibrio alginolitycus untuk Meningkatkan Survival Rate (SR), Titer Antibodi dan Fagositosis Leukosit pada Kerapu Cantang (Epinephelus sp.) setelah Uji Tantang Bakteri Vibrio alginolitycus [Administration of Vaccine Formalin Killed Cell (FKC) Vibrio alginolyticus to Increase Survival Rate (SR), Antibody Titre, and Phagocytic Leukocytes Cantang Grouper (Epinephelus sp.) Against Bacteria Vibrio alginolitycus] Hari suprapto; Sudarno Sudarno; Nurul Qomariyah
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 9 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v9i1.7625

AbstrakVaksinasi merupakan suatu upaya untuk menimbulkan ketahanan tubuh yang bersifat spesifik melalui pemberian vaksin. Vaksinasi digunakan untuk mencegah serangan penyakit infeksi serta efektif untuk mengontrol serangan penyakit ikan seperti bakteri V. alginolyticus. Pengamatan tingkat kelulushidupan (SR) dan pengukuran titer antibody merupakan pengukuran efektivitas vaksinasi, sedangkan tingkat kesehatan ikan dapat dilihat dari hematologi salah satunya adalah fagositosis leukosit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui tingkat kelulushidupan, titer antibodi, dan indeks fagositosis leukosit benih ikan kerapu cantang yang divaksin dengan vaksin FKC bakteri Vibrio alginolyticus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau Situbondo, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, 0,0125 mg/5 g BB ikan, 0,25 mg/ 5 g BB ikan, 0,5 mg/ 5 BB ikan. Analisis hasil menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian vaksinasi memberikan pengaruh terhadap tingkat kelulushidupan (SR), titer antibody, dan indeks fagositosis benih ikan kerapu cantang. Jumlah tingkat kelulushidupan ikan kerapu cantang yang divaksinasi terbaik yaitu 70,0%, titer antibodi yang divaksinasi terbaik yaitu 298,67, dan indeks fagositosis yang terbaik yaitu 52,67%. Hasil penelitian dengan pemberian vaksin formalin killed cell (FKC) Vibrio alginolitycus dapat memberikan proteksi pada ikan dan penggunaan dosis yang berbeda mampu mempengaruhi tingkat kelulushidupan (SR), titer antibodi, dan indeks fagositosis AbstractVaccination is an attempt to give-specific endurance through vaccine. Vaccination is used to prevent infectious diseases and effective to control fish diseases such as bacterial attack V. alginolyticus. Observations survival rate (SR) and measurement of antibody titre is a measure of the effectiveness of vaccination, while the level of health of the fish can be seen from the hematology one of which is phagocytic leukocytes. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the vaccine Formaldehyde Killed Cell (FKC) Vibrio alginolitycus to increase survival rate (SR), antibody titre, and phagocytic leucocytes cantang grouper (Epinephelus sp.) This research used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatment used is the negative control, the positive control, 0.0125 mg / 5 g BB fish, 0.25 mg / 5 g BB fish , 0.5 mg / 5 BB fish. Analysis of the results using ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test continued. The results showed that the treatment of vaccination impact the survival rate (SR), antibody titre, and phagocytosis index cantang grouper seed. Total survival rate, antibody titre, and the best phagocytosis index cantang grouper with consecutive values as follows70,0%, 298,67, and 52,67%. This research that used the vaccine formaldehyde killed cells (FKC) Vibrio alginolitycus can provide protection to the fish and the use of different doses capable of affecting the survival rate (SR), antibody titre, and the index of phagocytosis

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Fungi pada Ikan Maskoki (Carassius auratus) di Bursa Ikan Hias Gunung Sari Surabaya, Jawa Timur [Isolation and Indentification of Fungi on the Gold Fish (Carassius auratus) in the Fish Market Gunung Sari Surabaya East Java] Rahayu Kusdarwati; Sudarno Sudarno; Amalia Hapsari
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v8i1.11185

AbstrakIkan maskoki (Carassius auratus) merupakan ikan hias air tawar yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia salah satunya daerah Jawa Timur. Ikan maskoki merupakan hasil persilangan ikan mas yang banyak dikembangkan di Negara Jepang maupun Cina. Ikan Maskoki memiliki beberapa keunggulan diantaranya dapat dijadikan ikan hias yang jinak, dan memiliki warna yang indah dan bentuk tubuh unik. Meskipun demikian, ikan hias umumnya cukup rawan terserang penyakit. Salah satu penyakit yang berbahaya bagi kegiatan budidaya ikan hias maskoki adalah fungi. Definisi penyakit ialah suatu keadaan atau sakit yang disebabkan oleh organisme patogen, yaitu parasit, virus, bakteri, dan fungi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis fungi yang menginfeksi ikan Maskoki di Bursa Ikan Hias Gunung Sari Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian ini adalah survei. Parameter utama yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis fungi yang menginfeksi ikan maskoki di Bursa Ikan Hias Gunung Sari Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Sedangkan sebagai parameter temperatur, amonia, dan oksigen terlarut yang diukur selama kegiatan sampling.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 25 sampel ikan yang diambil dari 6 lokasi, 11 ekor ikan positif terinfeksi fungi. Fungi tersebut adalah Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium glabrum, Saprolegnia. Perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai tingkat patogenitas dari masing-masing spesies fungi sehingga diperoleh data yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pencegahan. Abstract The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is one of ornamental freshwater fish in Indonesia, especially in the East Java. The goldfish is produced by crossbreeding that has a long history in Japan and China. The goldfish is benign fish and it has beauty color and unique body. The fungi are one of the problems in fish culture. Prior research has observed, parasite, virus, bacteria, and fungi are the organism pathogen which can spread the diseases that could be founded in goldfish. The purpose of this research to identify the species of fungi that infected the goldfish in fish market Gunung Sari, Surabaya, East Java. The survey method was usee in this research. The parameters observed were fungi that infected the goldfish in fish market Gunung Sari, Surabaya, East Java. The temperature, ammonia and dissolved oxygen of water where the sample was taken were noted. The results showed that among 25 of goldfish samples from 6 different location, 11 samples were positively infected by fungi. The fungi then were identified as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium galbrum, and Saprolegnia based on colony and microscopic morphological observation. The pathogenecity of the fungi founded in goldfish of Gunung Sari, Surabaya, should be check to provide data for prevention purpose.

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Kitinolitik yang terdapat pada Cangkang Lobster Air Tawar (Cherax Quadricarinatus) [Isolation and Identification of Chytinolitic Bacteria from The Crayfish (Cherax Quadricarinatus) Shell] Hari Suprapto; Sudarno Sudarno; Istikhara Mentari Tito
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v8i1.11186

AbstrakIndonesia memiliki potensi perikanan yang sangat tinggi, salah satunya adalah lobster. Ekspor lobster air tawar cenderung meningkat tiap tahun. Total ekspor hasil lobster budidaya mencapai 94.511 ton/tahun. Pangsa pasar lobster air tawar tidak hanya terbatas di dalam negeri saja tetapi juga ke luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri kitinolitik dan juga jenis-jenis bakteri kitinolitik yang terdapat pada cangkang lobster air tawar. Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri kitinolitik yang ada pada cangkang lobster air tawar. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara deskriptif. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif yaitu penyajian data tentang morfologi dan karakteristik dari bakteri kitinolitik yang diisolasi dari cangkang lobser air tawar (Cherax quadricarinatus) dan dibandingkan dengan morfologi dan karakteristik bakteri kitinolitik dengan literatur yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian ini adalah diperoleh bahwa bakteri yang diisolasi dari cangkang lobster air tawar (Cherax quadricarinatus) dapat tumbuh dan berkembang pada media uji. Kemudian hasil uji hidrolisis bakteri kitinolitik ditandai dengan adanya zona bening yang dihasilkan dari bakteri tersebut. Dari hasil pengujian tersebut didapatkan jenis – jenis bakteri yaitu Aeromonas sp., Bacillus sp. dan Pseudomonas sp. AbstractIndonesia have highest potential of fishery. One of them is Lobster. It has increasing slightly, approximately 94.511 ton/years. The aims this research to determine the presence of chitinolytic bacteria and identify its species in crayfish shells. This research was performed via observation method to determine the presence of chitinolytic bacteria, which are exist in crayfish (cherax quadricarinatus) shell. The data used in this research is descriptive. The data descriptively analyzed represented the morphology and characteristics of chitinolytic bacteria isolated from crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) and comparison the morphology and characteristics of chitinolytic bacteria with appropriate literature. These results obtained that the bacteria isolated from crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) shell can grow and develop in the test medium. Then, chitinolytic activity was signed by the formation of clear zone on the test medium. The results obtained several bacterium species including Aeromonas sp., Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.

Karakterisasi Edible Film dari Pati Propagul Mangrove Lindur (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) dengan Penambahan Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Cmc) sebagai Pemlastis [Characterization of Edible Film From Propagules Mangrove Lindur (Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza) Starch with Addition of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Cmc) as Plasticizer] Moch Amin Alamsjah; Sudarno Sudarno; Azka Prima Nurindra
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v7i2.11195

Abstract The using of synthetic packaging generally has a problem for healthy and nature. This plastic rubbish can't degredable by nature and soil. Necessary alternative packaging technology which safe and degredable that is edible film. Use of single material in edible film as starch have some shortage, that is brittle and rigid. Therefore, it is necessary to add material as plasticizer. Plasticizer that use in this study is Carboxymethyl Cellulose. This purpose of this study is to know the effect addition of carboxymethyl cellulose on characterization edible film from propagules mangorve B.gymnorrhiza. The method of this study is experimental with Completely Randomized Design. The treatment is concentration addition of CMC, that is A (0%), B (0,2%), C (0,4%), D (0,6%), E (0,8%), F (1%) and G (1,2%), with four repeatations. Parameters measured were thcikness, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength and elongation at break. Data analysis using Analysis of Varioan (ANOVA) and if there is difference significant on the result, further with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The result of this study show that addition of CMC have different very significant (p<0,01) on thickness, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength and elongation at break. The best treatment in this study is treatment G (addition CMC concentration 1,2%) with scoring method which basicaly on JIS (Japanesse Industrial Standard)

Ibm Bagi Petambak Udang Tradisional di Desa Pangkah Wetan, Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah, Kabupaten Gresik, yang Mengalami Gagal Panen Secara Terus Menerus [ Ibm for Traditional Shrimp Farmers in Pangkah Wetan Village, Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Region, That Fail Harvesting In Continuoesly] Sudarno Sudarno; Gunanti Mahasri; Kismiyati Kismiyati
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v7i1.11220

Abstract Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab) is one of the economically important shrimp, until 1992 became the most important of non petroleum export commodity from fishery sector. Since the end of 1993 up to now, the Penaeus monodon Fab death level has been relatively high and due to this circumstance have been caused many ponds collapsed so that the shrimp production was dramatically declined for year by year. Ujung Pangkah District is one of the Gresik Region areas which have big fisheries potensial, aspecially for the breakist water pond, that the topest as the other district. There are a lot of shrimp dead casis until now. But, so that 80% of breakist water pond were broken and not operational. The objective of this societies service activities is applicated a new shrimp culture technology with traditional plus probiocirculation system (PBS) for increases the shrimp harvest at Ujung Pangkah District Region of Gresik, from May until Oktober 2014. The method using in the activity were socialitation/counseling, dempond and guiding to application of the PBS model in one period. Monitoring and evaluation about this result were done in one month after the activity ending. This result showed that a positive indication. There was the knowledges of the farmer inceases by socialitation, it also applicated a model in the right method for shrimp culture. There were also showed that the PBS model can in ceased the shrimp harvest from 217 kg/ha to 872 kg/ha, it means was increased 303,7%. The conclution of this activity is the PBS model can used for breakist water pond idle revitalitation to increased the shrimp harvest and can applicates in more larges area in Gresik Region.

Kelimpahan Bakteri Selulolitik di Muara Sungai Gunung Anyar Surabaya dan Bancaran Bangkalan [The Total of Cellulolytic Bacteria in Gunung Anyar Surabaya and Bancaran Bangkalan Estuaries ] Moch. Amin Alamsjah; Didya Sinatryani; Sudarno Sudarno; Kustiawan Tri Pursetyo
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v6i2.11299

Abstract Most organic materials utilized mangrove detritus such as mangrove leaves fall throughout the year. Organic particles or litter into a place to live for bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms. One of organic compounds in the soil is cellulose. Deciduous leaves on the ground allows that the cellulose content in the soil is high, it is possible to find cellulose degrading bacteria in the mangrove ecosystem. Soil sampling conducted in April 2014 located in Gunung Anyar Surabaya estuaries and Bancaran Bangkalan estuaries. After taking the samples, the isolation of cellulolytic bacteria and bacteria calculation were conduct using standard Total Plate Count (TPC). Based on the results of the calculation of total number bacteria, obtained the highest total number of cellulolytic bacteria at station E (Bancaran) of 4.9 x 104 CFU/ml. The highest percentage of cellulolytic bacteria obtained at station D (Bancaran) with a percentage of 27.09%. According to the whole calculation of the total number of bacteria, total number and percentage of cellulolytic bacteria, it was found that the area of Bancaran Bangkalan has higher abundance of cellulolytic bacteria than Gunung Anyar Surabaya mangrove areas.

Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Perasan Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) terhadap Aspergilllus terreus secara In Vitro [Antifungal Activity Test of Basil Leaves Juice (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) against Aspergilllus terreus by in Vitro] Sudarno Sudarno; Tyfany Imanu Sabrina; Hari Suprapto
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v6i2.11305

Abstract Aspergillus terreus is a fungus that causes aspergillosis disease. The infected fishes showed grey white patches over the body. Haemorrhagic ulceratic patches were observed on the gill and skin. The infections resulted in the death of the fishes. The use of chemicals to control fungal attack A. terreus can harm fish, the environment and humans who eat them. Treatment of fungal diseases that use a lot of chemicals that can harm the fish, the environment and humans who eat them. The use of medicinal plants is a safe way to inhibit and kill fungus growth as well as environmentally friendly. One of them uses the basil plant (Ocimum sanctum). The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum concentration of activity and basil leaf juice (O. sanctum Linn) as antifungal against A. terreus growth in vitro . The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University in July 2013. The method used in this research that the paper disc diffusion method and diffusion pitting. The analysis used in this study is descriptive statistica. The results of research using the juice of basil leaves (O. santum) of juice concentration of 50% (2,5 ml juice of basil leaves + 2,5 ml NaCl) to concentration 100% (5 ml juice of basil leaves) did not produce a clear zone around the paper discs and pitting, it is the same as the negative control. The positive control did not show fungus growing on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium (SDA).

Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Gliserol dalam Susu Skim Kuning Telur untuk Proses Penyimpanan Sperma Beku terhadap Motilitas dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Ikan Patin (Pangasius pangasius) [Effect Of Different Glycerol Concentration In Skim Milk And Egg Yolk Diluter For Storage Process Of Frozen Semen On Sperm Motility And Viability Of Catfish (Pangasius pangasius)] Sudarno Sudarno; Bagus Rizki Novianto; Endang Dewi Masithah
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v6i1.11356

Abstract Needs of catfish seed always increase every years, especially for farming activities. Fulfillment demand of seed in large quntities and continuing are the main obstacle in the production process of catfish. This can be overcome by the process of cryopreservation. This process requires diluents and cryoprotectants to maintain the fertility of spermatozoa. Skim milk and egg yolks diluents has been used on fish because it was applied to carp and showing a good result of sperm motility and fertilization rate. Glycerol as cryoprotectant was reported effective to be used for European Catfish than the other kind cryoprotectant. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of glycerol in the diluent skim milk and egg yolk on the motility and viability of catfish (Pangasius pangasius) spermatozoa after freezing. This research method is the experiment with completely randomized design (CRD) as the experimental design. The treatment used is different glycerol concentrations, P1 (11%), P2 (13%), P3 (15%), and P4 (17%) and each of the treatment was repeated 5 times. The main parameters measured were motility (%) and viability (%) of spermatozoa. Supporting parameters include odor, color, pH, viscosity, sperm concentration and catfish (Pangasius pangasius). Analysis of the data using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and to determine the best treatment performed Duncan's Multiple Range Test with 95% confidance interval. The results showed that the effect of the concentration of glycerol in the diluent skim milk and egg yolk was not significantly (P> 0.05) on the motility and viability of catfish (Pangasius pangasius) spermatozoa after freezing. Further testing needs to be done on the level of fertility of frozen sperm, as well as the growth rate of seeds produced from sperm frozen catfish (Pangasius pangasius) products

Ibm Bagi Petani Benih Udang Windu Skala Rumah Tangga (Backyard) Di Desa Kalitengah Kecamatan Tanggulangin Sidoarjo Yang Mengalami Gagal Panen Berkepanjangan Karena Serangan Penyakit [Ibm For Seed Shrimp Farmers Family Scale (Backyard) In Kalitengah Village, Tanggulangin District, Sidoarjo Region, That Harvesting Lossed To Long Times That Caused By The Diseases] Gunanti Mahasri; Sudarno Sudarno; Endang Dewi Masithah
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v6i1.11378

Abstract Demand of seed shrimp, as specially tiger shrimps is still not enough until now, it is only 5060%, more than for 5-10 years end showed decreased point. One of factors that influenced the successfully seeds shrimp hatchery is water quality that as a life media of shrimps. A bisnis about shrimp hatchery is still have a good market, because there are a lot of tiger shrimp pond operational, more than some time demand of the shrimp increase fluctuative on seasonal. The aims of this this societies service activities is applicated a new shrimp hatcher technology by using immunostimulant at Putri Mandiri Group company, it aplicated in family hatcher in Kalitengah village, Tanggulangin District, Region of Sidoarjo. The immunostimulant use to increase the body deffence of the shrimp larve in hatchery to the disease attacked dan invirontment during culture periode, it will be increase the harvesting. The method using in the activity were socialitation/counseling, dempond and guiding to application of the method of shrimp hatcher by using immunostimulant in one periode. Monitoring and evaluation about this result were done in one month after the activity ending. This result showed that aplicated immunostimulant in shrimp family hatcher Backyard) can increased the shrimp seed harvesting of Putri Mandiri Company owner, from 900.000 to 1.600.000 shrimp seeds, it is same as that the profit increased from 8.622.000,- until 15.822.000,- Rupiahs for one periode panen for one container 10 tonage capacity.

Uji Potensi Antifungi Perasan Daun Seledri (Apium graveolens L) Terhadap Aspergilllus terreus Secara In Vitro [Antifungal Potential Test Of Celery Leaves Juice (Apium graveolens L) Against Aspergilllus terreus By In Vitro] Sudarno Sudarno; Illa Rohdiana Hermawati; Didik Handijatno
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v6i1.11379

Abstract Aspergillus terreus is a fungal that is able to produce several mycotoxins such as patulin, sitrinin and aflatoxin and contained in processed mackerel mixed with fresh steamed way. The impact of the use of chemicals to control fungal attack A. terreus showed a negative effect. This study aims to determine the potential and the minimum concentration of the juice of the leaves of celery (Apium graveolens L) as antifungal against the growth of A. terreus in vitro. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University in July 2013. The method was used in this research that using paper disc diffusion method. Treatment outcome data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Test potential antifungal celery juice in inhibiting the growth of fungus A. terreus obtained negative be results. The concentrations of juices were given as a treatment of 10 % to 100 % are not able to inhibit the growth of A. terreus shown with no inhibition zone formation in all treatments except the concentration of 10 % formalin as a control (+).

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