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Journal : Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan

Optimization of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Utilization for Concrete Bricks Production Using Plackett-Burman and Central Composite Design Maktum Muharja; Rizki Fitria Darmayanti; Arief Widjaja; Yakub Hendrikson Manurung; Ilham Alamsah; Siska Nuri Fadilah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (896.009 KB) | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v6i1.282

Abstract

PT. Industri Gula Glenmore (PT. IGG) setiap tahunnya memproduksi 14.300 ton abu ampas tebu (AAT) sebagai hasil samping pembakaran boiler yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Menariknya, AAT memiliki kandungan silika tinggi yaitu 68,5% yang dapat ditingkatkan nilainya sebagai substitusi parsial semen dalam pembuatan bata beton. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini komposisi dan ukuran partikel AAT dioptimalkan dalam pembuatan bata beton. Optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) untuk memahami perilaku faktor-faktor signifikan yang mempengaruhi kuat tekan bata beton. RSM ditentukan dengan menggunakan software Design-Expert V11. Bata beton dibuat dengan perbandingan semen dan pasir menggunakan perbandingan 1:6 dengan variasi AAT 5% sampai 25% dari berat normal semen. Hasil pengujian di Workshop menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Fly Ash dan kapur sebagai bahan pengikat untuk menggantikan sebagian semen dengan variasi 23, 26, 28, 30, dan 33% menghasilkan kuat tekan berturut-turut sebesar 56, 52, 49, 40, dan 34 kg/cm2. Dengan demikian, bata beton pada penelitian ini termasuk dalam mutu tingkat 3 berdasarkan SNI 03-0349-1989. Inovasi ini merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah AAT dan menjadi peluang bisnis baru bagi PT. IGG di masa depan PT. The Glenmore Sugar Industry (PT. IGG) annually produces 14,300 tons of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) as a by-product of boiler combustion that has not been fully utilized. Interestingly, SCBA has a high silica content of 68.5%, which can be valorized as a partial substitution of cement in the manufacture of concrete bricks. Therefore, in this study the composition and particle size of SCBA were optimized in the manufacture of concrete bricks. Optimization was carried out by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to understand the behavior of significant factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete bricks. RSM was determined using the Design-Expert V11 software. Concrete bricks were made with a ratio of cement and sand using a ratio of 1:6 with a variation of bagasse ash 5% to 25% of the normal weight of the cement. The test results showed that the use of fly ash and lime as a binder to replace some cement with variations of 23%, 26%, 28%, 30%, and 33% resulted in a compressive strength of 56 kg/cm2, 52 kg/cm2, 49 kg/cm2, 40 kg/cm2, and 34 kg/cm2, respectively. Thus the concrete brick in this study was included in the quality level 3 based on SNI 03-0349-1989. This innovation is a solution to increase SCBA's added value and a new business opportunity for PT. IGG in the future.
Redesigning the Coagulation Process for Treating Water Produced from Petroleum Drilling in Water Treatment Injection Plants Muharja, Maktum; Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Sonomoto, Kenji
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v9i1.5156

Abstract

This study aims to optimize the coagulation process for treating wastewater produced from petroleum drilling. The research includes redesigning the flocculator to enhance the coagulation process. The initial quality of the wastewater, characterized by parameters such as turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS), did not meet the environmental quality standards stipulated by the Indonesian government. Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) coagulant and Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) flocculant were utilized at varying doses of 10–150 ppm and 0.25–25 ppm, respectively. The study identified the key challenges in the current coagulation and flocculation processes, including inefficiencies in pollutant removal and high operational costs. Optimal doses of 10 ppm for coagulants and 0.25 ppm for flocculants were determined, resulting in daily operational cost savings of IDR 15,865,030. The economic analysis was conducted to project the potential cost savings based on the optimized dosages, indicating a reduction in chemical costs and operational expenses. Moreover, the optimal injection distance for PAA flocculant was found to be approximately 3.5 meters from the static mixer. A new design for the flocculator was proposed, incorporating these findings to improve the overall treatment efficiency. The redesigned flocculator prototype features a 6-meter-long horizontal tube, 1.5 meters in diameter, with 15 partitions spaced 40 cm apart, and a water level difference between the inlet and outlet of around 0.67 cm. These findings suggest that coagulation redesign and optimization, along with clarifier engineering, can significantly reduce operational costs and enhance water quality for injection into the earth.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Extractive Butanol Fermentation by Immobilized Cells with Large Extractant Volume Darmayanti, Rizki Fitria; Muharja, Maktum; Zhao, Tao; Gao, Ming; Tashiro, Yukihiro; Sakai, Kenji; Sonomoto, Kenji
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): October 2022
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (717.755 KB) | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v6i2.337

Abstract

There are several challenges for ABE fermentation to be used in an industrial scale including the low of butanol yield, the high energy requirement for separation and purification, and the competeness of sugar with food demand as substrat. In this study, techno-economical aspects of ABE fermentation by using immobilized cells with large extractant volume were studied. Overall production process was designed using rice straw as raw material which is semi-hydrolyzed to produce cellobiose, glucose, xylose, and arabinose mixture. Concentrated sugar was then fed to extractive fed-batch fermentation using immobilized cells. Finally, extractant was recovered and products were purified by distillation column. By evaluating this process design for the small scale capacity of 238 kg-butanol and acetone/day, the energy requirement was 41.3 MJ/kg-butanol and acetone and the cost was 1.91 $/kg-butanol and acetone. Although the cost was higher than butanol produced by petrochemical process of 1.08 $/kg-butanol, it may reduce if the scale is increased.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Biogas Production from Cow Manure Muharja, Maktum; Khotimah, Husnul; Rizki Fitria , Darmayanti; Andika, Prastika; Achri Isnan, Khamil; Badril, Azhar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v8i1.3335

Abstract

Biogas has been considered as a renewable alternative energy produced by anaerobic digestion of cow manure. A process of anaerobic digestion of cow manure was simulated by Aspen Plus software to analyze the cost of production. The simulated project used cow manure wastes as a feedstock. From the study, economic analysis includes Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback period (PBP), and B/C Ratio. The resulting BEP value is 539.20, the NPV is 6,414,566,421.98, the IRR is 249.84%, and the B/C ratio is 1.66. These values can be said that the business of cow dung which is processed into biogas is feasible to run.
Co-Authors A Halim Abdul Halim Achmad Chumaidi, Achmad Achri Isnan Khamil Achri Isnan, Khamil Adelia Rosalina Afrila Tutut Dwijati Lestari Agra Bachtiar Andika Prastika Andika, Prastika Ari Susanti Arief Widjaja Arshy, David Permana Aswie, Viqhi Atiqa Rahmawati Atiqa Rahmawati Ayu Salsabila, Putri Azmi Alvian Gabriel Badril Azhar Badril, Azhar Batuthoh, M. Wildan Ibnu Bekti Palupi Bima Suci, Syeikh Maulana Boy Arief Fachri Bramantyo Airlangga Candra Wijaya, Candra Daniel Happy Putra Diana Fitriati Difka Augustina Diana Sari Dimas Nur Herdianto Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri Doty Dewi Risanti Dwina Moentamaria Dyah Ayu Savitri Dyah Sawitri Dyah Sawitri Enomae, Toshiharu Fadilah, Siska Nuri Felix Arie Setiawan Filial Ahliana Rahmaniyah Firmansyah, Arfian Alwi Hakiki, Rizki Maulana Hanggara Sudrajat Hanny F. Sangian Helda Wika Amini Helda Wika Amini Helgananta Adirya Sabian Heni Pujiastuti Hesti Lipuring Tyas Hidayatullah Hidayatullah Husnul Khotimah Husnul Khotimah I Made Arimbawa I Made Arimbawa I Made Arimbawa Ihsanpuro, Surya Iryana Ilham Alamsah Ilham Alamsyah Indrayani, Lilin Irdatus Sholeha Irfan Albana Irfin, Zakijah Ismayati, Maya Istiqomah Rahmawati Jayyid Zuhdan Jihan Nafila Wibowo Karima, Nur Kenji Sakai Kenji Sonomoto KENJI SONOMOTO Khamil, Achri Isnan Khotimah , Husnul Lestari, Afrila Tutut Dwijati Lieke Riadi Lizda Johar Mawarani M. Zikrillah Maharani, Regita Gustiayu Pramisti Mahfud Mahfud Medy, Nabil Septian Meta Fitri Rizkiana Ming Gao Ming Gao Mohammad Abdul Aziz Fajar Mohammad Nashir Idham Kholid Mohammad Nazarudin Ali Muhammad Rizalluddin Mutiara Rengganis Nurul Putri Azhari Nailufhar , Lili Niki Etruly Nova Chintya Kurniawati Nugroho, Imam Wahyu Beny Nur Fadhilah Nur Fadhilah Nur Fadhilah Nur Fadhilah Nur Karima Nurtsulutsiyah Nurtsulutsiyah Prastika, Andika Ramadana, Ifan Ramadhani, Salsabila Amania Rekha Aliyya Isma Rizki Fitria , Darmayanti Rizki Fitria Darmayanti Rizki Fitria Darmayanti Ruri Agung Wahyuono Sakai, Kenji Salsabila, Putri Ayu Sangadji, Ningsi Lick Satrio, Dendy Shofia Khoirunissa, Dita Sholeha, Irdatus Siska Nuri Fadilah Siska Nuri Fadilah Siska Nuri Fadilah Siska Nuri Fadilah Sjarief Widjaja Susilowati Susilowati Tantular Nurtono Tao Zhao Tao Zhao Tashiro, Yukihiro Tri Dwinanda Nursoliha Tri Widjaja Tyas , Hesti Lipuring Wardani, Salza Belila Kusuma Wardhani, Maharani Tri Wibowo, Jihan Nafila Yakub Hendrikson Manurung Yakub Hendrikson Manurung Yolanda Putri, Ditta Kharisma Yukihiro Tashiro Zakia Ainun Salsabila Zikrillah, M. Zuhriah Mumtazah