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All Journal Jambi Medical Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Althea Medical Journal Sari Pediatri Indonesian Journal for Health Sciences (IJHS) Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Journal Integration of Management Studies Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Dedi Rachmadi
Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran-Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Journal : Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan

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Laporan Kasus Epidemiologi Infeksi cVDPV2 Tahun 2023 di Jawa Barat, Indonesia: Surveilans dan Respons Wabah Utoro, Sidik; Rachmadi, Dedi; Oktorina, Lenny; Feriandi, Yudi
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 8 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

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Abstract

Polio eradication remains a global health concern within the World Health Organization (WHO) framework, with Indonesia as a committed member. On February 21, 2023, an acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case was diagnosed and reported in a 4-year-old girl from a village in Purwakarta District, West Java. The paralysis began on February 16, 2023. The child had no travel history and had never received any polio vaccination. Laboratory analysis of fecal specimens from the case and two nearby children indicated local transmission, confirming the presence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2). This was Indonesia's first confirmed cVDPV2 outbreak. This article aims to provide a detailed description and analysis of the efforts made by relevant stakeholders in Indonesia to address this outbreak. According to WHO and national guidelines, two rounds of Sub-National Immunization Days (sub-NIDs) were carried out across all districts in West Java, the affected province. These sub-NIDs reached a total population of 3,984,797 with the novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2), achieving coverage of 96.2% in the first round and 92.3% in the second. An Outbreak Response Assessment (OBRA) was conducted in July 2023 by a team of ten international, multi-institutional assessors. The assessment concluded that, although the response was appropriate, it was too early to declare the outbreak over, as fewer than six months had passed since the last confirmed cVDPV2 detection. A follow-up review showed no new cases and no additional rounds of response immunization were recommended. This experience highlights the importance of strong surveillance, risk-based immunization planning, and community-focused communication in preventing future outbreaks. Program managers are advised to prioritize localized risk assessments, ensure even vaccine distribution, and remain prepared for rapid response.
Co-Authors Ahmedz Widiasta Anggraini Alam, Anggraini Bagaskara, Danang Pangestu Gusti Dany Hilmanto Febrianti, Sindy Amalia Fenny Dwiyatnaningrum, Fenny Gizella, Gizella Kurnia Wahyudi, Kurnia Mohamad Yanuar Anggara Muhammad Ilman, Muhammad Nanan Sekarwana Oktorina, Lenny Paramita Diah Winarni Perinandika, Tovan Permadi, Suci Saptyuni Rahadi, Raden Aswin Renarti, Lelani Sidik Utoro Yudi Feriandi