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All Journal Jurnal AGROTEKNOLOGI SIMBIOSIS Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Jurnal Biologi Tropis SAINS Pertanian Jurnal Pertanian Agros Jurnal Sinergitas PkM & CSR CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy GANEC SWARA Jurnal Abdi Insani Jurnal Ilmiah Sangkareang Mataram Journal of Science and Science Education (JoSSEd) Agroteksos Jurnal Warta Desa (JWD) Jurnal Pepadu Jurnal Ekosains Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agrokomplek
I Made Sudantha
Fakultas Pertanian Universiatas Unram
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Jurnal Biologi Tropis

 1 
The Potential of The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria Bassiana (bals) Vuillemin to Control Mealybugs Planococcus spp. Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Taupiq, Lukman; Sudantha, I Made; Sudharmawan, A. A.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6514

Abstract

The mealybug insect pest planococcus spp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) attacks most plants, including food, horticultural, and plantation crops, which directly impacts reducing yields. Continuous control using pesticides made from synthetic chemicals harms environmental sustainability. The use of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana as a pest control for Planococcus spp. can be a long-term, environmentally friendly solution. The Beauveria bassiana fungus can kill all insect stages of various plant pests from all insect pest orders. The efficacy of beauveria bassiana is influenced by various types of enzymes from the secondary metabolites produced, namely: chitinase, protease, amylase, and lipase which function as degraders of the insect integument layer. Efficacy is also influenced by the production of toxins consisting of beauvericin, bassianin, bassiacridin, beauvericin, bassianolide, cyclosporine, oosporein, and tenellin which disrupt the nervous system and kill target insects. The results showed that the application of the Beauveria bassiana fungus was effective in reducing the population of the pest Planococcus spp. and reducing plant damage. The Beauveria bassiana mushroom is an alternative substitute for pesticides made from synthetic chemicals and is very prospective to be used as a biopesticide in controlling the pest Planococcus spp. which attacks agricultural plants and plantations.
Maize Crop Agronomy for Enhancing Productivity in the Dryland of West Nusa Tenggara Dewi, Pervitara Arum; Sudharmawan, A. A.; Sudantha, I Made
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8043

Abstract

Dryland agriculture continues to face numerous challenges that need resolution. Maize has emerged as an alternative food source, with additional uses as animal feed and biofuel. However, maize cultivation in the drylands of West Nusa Tenggara has yet to fully apply agronomic principles, resulting in suboptimal yields. This literature review evaluates key agronomic factors affecting maize productivity in West Nusa Tenggara’s drylands. The most suitable and marginally suitable land for maize among the three regencies was found in East Lombok, with soil pH (H2O) ranging from 5.8 to 7.4 (slightly acidic to neutral), total nitrogen (N) between 0.09–0.19% (low to moderate), available phosphorus (P) between 14.4–54.76 ppm (high to very high), and organic carbon (C) ranging from 0.4–0.8% (low). Soil texture includes sand (62.67–76.00%), silt (20.13–30.79%), and clay (2.59–11.71%), indicating a sandy loam to loamy sand composition. Seed varieties used in East Lombok include Bima 20 URI, Nasa-29, JH-37, Bima-14 Batara, JH 27, and HJ 21; West Sumbawa uses Bisi 18 and Jakarin; while North Lombok uses Gumarang, Lamuru, and NK 212. Traditional water conservation techniques are practiced in East Lombok and West Sumbawa, while sprinkler irrigation is employed in North Lombok. Fertilizers, including Trichocompost, Phonska, Urea, and rice husk biochar, are applied across East Lombok, North Lombok, and West Sumbawa. Integrated pest management (IPM) is applied in East Lombok and North Lombok to control fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) using refugia plants, and in West Sumbawa, microcontroller technology is used to manage monkey pests.
Potensi of Tobacco Stem Insecticide as Pest Control in Crops Wahyuni, Srilah Nora; Sudarmawan, A. A.; Sudantha, I Made
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8053

Abstract

Tobacco is one of the most widely cultivated commodities in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), especially Virginia tobacco. The leaf part is utilized as the main raw material in the cigarette industry. However, other parts of the plant, such as tobacco stems, are generally not used and only become agricultural waste that has no economic value, and has the potential to pollute the environment. In fact, tobacco stems have great potential as a vegetable insecticide that has proven effective in controlling various types of pests. This study aims to explore the potential of tobacco stems as a vegetable insecticide in pest control. The method used is a literature review by referring to various sources, including scientific journals, books, news, and related research and implementation. The results showed that tobacco stems contain secondary metabolite compounds, such as nicotine, saponins, flavonoids, and terpenoids. These compounds function as contact poisons, repellents, and disruptors of pests' metabolic, nervous, and respiratory systems. As a result, these compounds can cause body damage, inhibit the life cycle, and even death in insect pests, such as Aphis sp. aphids, Bemisia tabaci, Plutella xylostella, and other pests. In conclusion, tobacco stem extract is an effective solution for controlling pests in cultivated plants. Its use can reduce the population and intensity of pest attacks due to the content of chemical compounds that are toxic to insects.
The Effect of Mycorrhiza on Sorghum Plants in Dryland Areas Ilwati, Uun; Sudharmawan, A. A. K; Sudantha, I Made
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8087

Abstract

Sorghum is one of the cereal crops that can grow well in dry land. However, dry land has limitations in terms of soil nutrients and its structure, which does not retain water for long. The productivity of sorghum in dry land is still low, at 2-3 tons/ha, which is far from its potential yield of 6-7 tons/ha. This happens because the soil lacks essential nutrients. Along with the application of both organic and synthetic fertilizers, one possible approach is to incorporate mycorrhiza into the soil. This article seeks to explore how mycorrhiza influences sorghum plants in arid conditions. This article serves as a review of existing literature concerning sorghum and the influence of mycorrhiza on its growth. From the findings and discussions presented, it can be inferred that mycorrhiza affects the uptake of nutrients, growth, and yield of sorghum by enhancing the availability and absorption of nutrients in the soil, boosting antioxidant activity, increasing photosynthesis, and improving the plants' resilience to environmental stress. Furthermore, mycorrhiza also affects the improvement of the plant's defense system by increasing dry matter content, keeping leaf stomata open, and helping the accumulation of substances including substances like soluble sugars, proline, glycine betaine, organic acids, potassium, and calcium within the plant, which helps in the uptake of water. The application of mycorrhiza to sorghum plants in dry land is expected to support the sustainable increase in plant productivity, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, and promote a more environmentally friendly farming system.
Effectiveness of Various Botanical Insecticides for Controlling Liriomyza sp. Pests Akram, Ahdiatsa Hairi; Sudarmawan, A.A. K; Sudantha, I Made
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8161

Abstract

The use of botanical insecticides presents a promising alternative for controlling Liriomyza sp. pests, which often damage horticultural crops. This study examines the effectiveness of various botanical insecticide materials, such as extracts from neem leaves, tobacco, and other plants containing bioactive compounds like alkaloids and terpenoids. Literature reviews indicate that botanical insecticides work through mechanisms such as feeding inhibition, growth disruption, and increased pest mortality, demonstrating effectiveness comparable to synthetic insecticides. Factors such as concentration, application methods, and environmental conditions influence the efficacy of botanical insecticides. In addition to being environmentally friendly, botanical insecticides offer advantages such as rapid biodegradability and safety for non-target organisms. However, challenges such as low compound stability and the need for more frequent applications remain significant limitations. This study highlights the importance of farmer training to enhance the adoption of this eco-friendly technology in sustainable agricultural practices.
Co-Authors A. Farid .Hemon Adiansyah A Ahmad Fikri Akram, Ahdiatsa Hairi Aliza Tinur Awwali Aminudin Al Roniri Arjuna Puji Darmasandi Bambang Supeno Dewi, Pervitara Arum Eva Sri Utami Gunawan Gunawan Hanipathin Purwaningsih Hernawati Hernawati I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana I Gusti Putu Muliartha Aryana Ilwati, Uun Irwan Muthahanas jayadi, irfan Laksono Trisnantoro M Taufik Fauzi M. Heldian Habib M. Taufik Fauzi M. Taufik Fauzi, M. Taufik Mariani M Mery Windarningsih MOHAMAD TAUFIK FAUZI Mohamad Taufik Fauzi Muhammad Kholid Murad, Dini Rahmania Septyani Ni Ketut Sridanti Ni Made Laksmi Ernawati Ni Made Laksmi Ernawati Ni Made Laksmi Ernawati Ni Made Laksmi Ernawati, Ni Made Laksmi Ni Made Wedhamurthi Dyah Indraswari Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini Nurmala Dewi Nurrachman Pramadya Sudantha Putri Martina Lianti Ruth Stella Petrunella Thei Shani, Viorenza Aulia Sosiawan Putraji Sudarmawan, A. A. Sudarmawan, A.A. K Sudarmawan, AA Sudharmawan, A. A. Sudharmawan, A. A. K Sudirman Sudirman Suwardji Suwardji S Suwardji S Suwardji S Taufik Fauzi Taupiq, Lukman Toni Indrawan Uswatun Hasanah U’ul Efriyanti Prayoba Wahyu Astiko Wahyuni, Srilah Nora WAWAN APZANI Wayan Wangiyana Zurriyatun Solihah