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Annis Catur Adi
Departemen Gizi Kesehatan Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Journal : Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi

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RISK FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE AND LATENT TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN ≤ 14: ACTIVE CASE FINDING: Faktor Risiko dan Karakteristik Tuberkulosis Aktif dan Laten Pada Anak ≤ 14 Tahun: Penemuan Kasus Aktif Syahrul, Fariani; Catur Adi, Annis; Fajar Nuraidah, Lutfi; Mufida Ersanti, Arina; Tri Sulistijorini, Hinu; Lipu, Yanto; Salisa, Wizara; Shafira Putri, Maurilla; Al Himny Rusydy, Muhammad; Ghanynafi, Abdullah
Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi (Periodic Epidemiology Journal)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbe.V13I32025.299-307

Abstract

Background: In 2024, 135,000 tuberculosis (TB) cases were reported in Indonesian children, accounting for part of the 885,000 total TB cases nationwide. Pediatric TB remains a concern due to children’s vulnerability from immature immunity, poor nutrition, and close contact with TB patients. Early detection through active case finding (ACF) is crucial for identifying active and latent TB in at-risk populations. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of active and latent TB and analyze associated risk factors among children screened through ACF. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 870 children in Sidoarjo Regency using ACF. Active TB was diagnosed through symptom interviews and sputum examination, while latent TB was determined by tuberculin skin test (TST). Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI). Bivariate analysis was performed to assess associations with active TB. Results: The prevalence of active TB was 4%, and that of latent TB was 4.7%. Among TB cases, 46% were active and 54% latent. Malnutrition was common in active (77%) and latent (46%) TB. Bivariate analysis showed no significant associations with gender, close contact, or passive smoking. Children aged <5 years had a higher risk than those aged 5–14 years (OR = 3.11; 95% CI: 0.99–9.79; p = 0.064). Nutritional status was significantly associated with active TB (χ² = 7.85; p = 0.049). Underweight children had nearly four times higher risk of active TB compared to those with normal nutrition (OR = 3.94; 95% CI: 1.32–11.76; p = 0.018). Conclusion: ACF was effective in detecting active and latent TB among children. Malnutrition was a significant risk factor, suggesting that nutritional interventions should be integrated into pediatric TB control strategies. Patients had close contact with active TB patients.
Co-Authors Abdurrahman Ali Adi Pranoto Adinda Nurul Istiqomah Adiningsih, Sri Afifah, Lyna Nur Aisyah Noer Auliyah Madani Pertiwi Al Himny Rusydy, Muhammad Al'aliyyu, Fikriyah Alfian Yusuf Ali Iqbal Tawakal Ali Iqbal Tawakal Ali Iqbal Tawakal Alristina, Arie Dwi Alzha Adila Harisina Amirah Adlia Amirah Adlia Andini Octaviana Putri Anggun Pinasti Ilahi Anisah, Mufidah Anna Smdyah Putri Anna Surgean Veterini Anni Syntya Annisa Lutfiah Annisa Rizky Malichati Annisa Rizky Maulidiana Arina Farmalabitta Annis Arina Mufida Ersanti Arina Mufida Ersanti Ariza, Nahya Rahmatul Asrul Bahar Atsarina Anindya Aulanni'am, Aulanni'am Aulanni’am Aulanni’am Aulia Ramadhani Aulia, Noni Angelina Tazky Bambang Wahjuprajitno Bambang Wirdjadmaji Bambang Wirdjadmaji, Bambang Brilliant Anjar Saputro Calvin Ramadhani Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Cindhy Pamela Kesuma Claudia Ni Luh Merry Marzeline Damar Rasti Adhika Daniel Christanto Dea Amanda Caressa Deandra Ardya Regitasari Deandra Ardya Regitasari Dewi, Ratna Candra Diah Patria Nuringtyas Dian Puteri Andani Dini Andrias Andrias Dini Ririn Andrias Dominikus Raditya Atmaka Dyah Patria Nuringtyas Edinda Ayu Miranti Elya Sugianti Emyr Reisha Ishaura Endah Bardiati Enny Susanti Eny Qurniyawati Eva Flourentina Kusumawardani Eva Flourentina Kusumawardani Fajar Nuraidah, Lutfi Faradillah Rahmy Savitri Faradita Meilinda Wulan Sari Farah Rosyihana Fadhila Farapti Farapti Fariani Syahrul Fathrizqita Aghnia Raudhany Fathrizqita Aghnia Raudhany Febry Dian Permatasari Fifi Nirmala G Firdaus, Salwa Sausan Ghanynafi, Abdullah Hamzah Hamzah Hari Basuki Notobroto Haryana, Nila Reswari Hasanah, Dina Khomariyatul HENI RACHMAWATI Heni Rachmawati Hernita Riski Humaira, Arisya Iga Ayuni Fatmala Iga Ema Dini Ikeu Ekayanti Ikhtiar, Ilham Irfa Ekasanti Irwanto Irwanto Irwanto, Irwanto Isaura, Emyr Reisha Isyana, Deta Oryza Ivan Mahardika Yusuf Jayantini, Hikmah Ervina Junaida Astina Kamila Dwi Febrianti Kartini Kartini Lailata, Irina Lailatul Muniroh Lailia Wahyuliana Lathifah Ilmawati Laura Navika Yamani Lina Nurbaiti Lipu, Yanto Lisda Juniarsy Rahardjo Luki Mundiastuti M. G. Bagus Ani Putra Maharani, Shafira Mahmud Aditya Rifqi Mardiyono Yono Mawaddah, Tsalatsa Aulia Mei Lestari Ika Widyyati Meity Ardiana Melissa Ruslan Merryana Adriani Merryana Adriani Meyrina Putri Cahyariani Mohammad Fahmi Rasyidi Muamar Afdhal Mahendra Muda, Tasya Shafa Salsabila Mufida Ersanti, Arina Muhammad Atoillah Isfandiari Nabillah Eka Permatasari Nanik Handayani Nelly Setiawaty Nisa, Hisma Zauharotun Novira Dian Rachmadia Nur Mufida Wulan Sari Nurlaila, Amilenia Nuthathai Sutthiwong Oktaviani, Dhiyah Ariba Purwandini, Septiana Puspitasari, Prastiwi Novia Putra, M.G. Bagus Ani Putri Safrida Rahmawati Putri, Cahya Ramadhanti Rachmad Suhanda Rachmahnia Pratiwi Rahmawati, Siti Irma Rakhmalia Imeldawati Rakhman, Dinis Puspita Ramadhan, Ramadivan Bagus Rasyidi, Mohammad Fahmi Ratna Candra Dewi Rehatta, Nancy Margarita Reza Yuanita Ananta Riris Diana Rachmayanti Rita Ismawati Rita Ismawati Rizky Arifandy Amir Rizma Dwi Nastiti Rofiqoh, Fauzatur Romadhona, Salsabila S R Widya Areta Humaniora Justisia S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Sakinah Aljuffrie Salisa, Wizara Salma Chalisha Salsabila Muda, Tasya Shafa Santi Martini Sarmanu, Sarmanu Septa Katmawanti, Septa Septyaningrum Putri Purwoto Shabhati, Berliandita Shafira Putri, Maurilla Shrimarti R Devi Sinaga, Niken Ayu Br Siti Nur Husnul Yusmiati Siti Rahayu Nadhiroh Siti Shofiya Novita Sari Siti Shofiya Novita Sari SOETJIPTO . Soetjipto Soetjipto SRI LESTARI Subijanto Marto Soedarmo Subijanto Marto Soedarmo Sukmadewi, Marcella Suryanto Suryanto Suryanto, Suryanto Syafrina Mareta Sari Thom, Fedora Ivena Timbuktu Harthana Tri Ratnaningsih Tri Ratnaningsih Tri Sulistijorini, Hinu Trias Mahmudiono Tsaqifah, Hafizotun Ulfatul Karomah Vetty Silvana Maulida Vidya Anggarini Rahmasari Vidya Anggarini Rahmasari Wening, Damar Maulidina Nur Widati Fatmaningrum Widijiati Widijiati Widjiati Widjiati Widodo Jatim P Widodo Jatim Pudjirahardjo Widyyati, Mei Lestari Ika Wijaya, Vania Alvabella Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Wizara Salisa Yama Dharma Putera Yasmin Muntaza Yeni Susanti Yulia Kurnia Sari Yusmiati, Siti Nur Husnul Yusuf, Alfian