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All Journal Nexus Biomedika The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Smart Medical Journal Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) Placentum: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Aplikasinya Proceedings of the International Conference on Nursing and Health Sciences Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Sehat Rakyat: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Promotor: Jurnal Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy
Ratih Dewi Yudhani
Sebelas Maret University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary Other

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Vitamin D and Magnesium Combination Lowers High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-12, Renin, and Carotid Vessel in Diabetic Rats Rahayu, Rachmi Fauziah; Zahrah, Fathimah Afifah; Anugrah, Tessa Septian; Yudhani, Ratih Dewi; Yueniwati, Yuyun; Irawan, Amelia Tjandra; Kusumaningrum, Sulistyani; Fauzi, Adam; Wasita, Brian; Wiyono, Nanang; Muthaminah, Muthaminah; Sholikah, Tri Agusti; Wardhani, Lusi Oka; Suyatmi, Suyatmi; Yarso, Kristanto Yuli; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Siswanto, Febby Gunawan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 18, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v18i2.4061

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, accelerating atherosclerosis development marked by elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). Diabetes often causes significant vascular changes, which can be represented by carotid tunica intima thickening and elevated renin level. Metformin, which remains as the standard therapy, has limited vascular effects. Vitamin D and magnesium exhibit vasoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties; however, their combined effects on diabetic vascular injury remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D and magnesium combination on serum hs-CRP, IL-12, renin, and carotid tunica intima thickness in diabetic rats.METHODS: Wistar rats were diabetic-induced by 45 mg/kg streptozotocin and 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. Following the induction, the rats were subsequently assigned to receive no treatment, metformin, or a combination of vitamin D and magnesium. Healthy rats were also included as control. Blood sample was collected after 21 days of treatment. Serum hs-CRP, IL-12, and renin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the carotid tunica intima thickness was assessed by Doppler ultrasound.RESULTS: Diabetic rats showed significant increases hs-CRP, IL-12, renin level, and intima thickness (p<0.001) compared to control. Both metformin and combination of Vitamin D and magnesium reduced these parameters, with combination of Vitamin D and magnesium showing the greatest improvement. Carotid intima thickness in the combination of Vitamin D and magnesium group was comparable to normal controls, indicating marked vascular protection.CONCLUSION: Vitamin D and magnesium combination provided superior glycemic, anti-inflammatory, and vascular protective effects compared to metformin alone. This adjunctive strategy might have potential in preventing vascular complications in diabetes.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, hs-CRP, IL-12, atherosclerosis
Co-Authors Abdurahim, Ghani Adam Fauzi Afiono Agung Prasetyo Antonius Christanto Antonius Christanto Anugrah, Tessa Septian Aurika, Denalia Brian Wasita Brian Wasita Brian Wasita Christanto, Antonius Denalia Aurika Diana Nurrohima Dyonisa Nasirochmi Pakha Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Fauziah, Melinda Ghani Abdurahim Ida Nurwati Irawan, Amelia Tjandra Jusuf, Sinu Andhi Jusuf, Sinu Andhi Khalisah Atma Aulia Kristanto Yuli Yarso Kusumaningrum, Sulistyani KUSUMAWATI, RATNA Leli Saptawati LISANA SHIDQI Luthfiani, Sarah Made Setiamika Made Setiamika Muthaminah, Muthaminah Muthmainah Muthmainah Muthmainah Muthmainah Muthmainah, Muthmainah Nanang Wiyono Nanang Wiyono Nanang Wiyono Natasha Ninda Pramalista Nisa', Zulfia Rosyidatun Nisa', Zulfia Rosyidatun Nisa, Zulfia Rosyidatun NOVAN ADI SETYAWAN Novan Adi Setyawan Paramasari Dirgahayu Paramasari Dirgahayu Pramalista, Natasha Ninda Prasetyo, Afiono Agung Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu Ratna Kusumawati RENDRA RISTIAN WIBOWO Reviono - Risya Cilmiaty Risya Cilmiaty Risya Cilmiaty, Risya Riza Novierta Pesik Riza Novierta Pesik Riza Novierta Pesik Rizka Hendriyani Rizka Hendriyani Saptawati, Leli Sarah Luthfiani Setiamika, Made Shariza Fakurazi SHIDQI, LISANA Sholikah, Tri Agusti Sinu Andhi Jusup, Sinu Andhi Siswanto, Febby Gunawan Siti Ma&#039;rufah Susanto, Agung Suyatmi Suyatmi Suyatmi Suyatmi Wahyu Tri Kawuri Wardhani, Lusi Oka Yarso, Kristanto Yuli Yuyun Yueniwati Zahrah, Fathimah Afifah