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Journal : Indonesia Law Reform Journal (ILREJ)

Penerapan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak dan Proporsionalitas dalam Perjanjian Kerja antara Pengusaha dan Pekerja di Banjarmasin Kemal Juniardi; Komariah; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Juli 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (188.046 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v1i2.17208

Abstract

Employment agreements must contain the principle of freedom of contract and the principle of proportionality. However, in practice, these two principles often experience a degradation to be applied in work agreements that bind workers and employers. In addition, from a sociological perspective, the employer is a party that is higher than the workforce, in other words, the worker is the weak party. Workers do not have the freedom to determine what they want, so they just participate in work agreements made by default by the employer. The formulation of the problem from this research is how to apply the two principles into the Employment Agreement, then whether the application of the two principles provides legal protection for workers based on the Employment Agreement, and what factors are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the application of the two principles. The research method used by the author is sociological juridical research at company in Banjarmasin. From this study, the authors found the results that the application of these two principles at PT. Panca Teknik that is not yet fully implemented. This is because there are still conflicts with the law both in terms of the type and content of the work agreement. The inhibiting factor from the application of these two principles is the lack of socialization from the company regarding work agreements for workers. Abstrak Dalam perjanjian kerja yang menjadi suatu dasar yang mengikat, dikenal adanya asas kebebasan berkontrak dan asas proporsionalitas dalam perjanjian tersebut. Namun dalam praktiknya, kedua asas tersebut seringkali mengalami suatu degradasi untuk diterapkan dalam perjanjian kerja yang mengikat pekerja dan pemberi kerja. Selain itu dari segi sosiologis, pemberi kerja merupakan pihak yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tenaga kerja, dengan kata lain yakni pekerja ialah pihak yang lemah. Pekerja tidak memiliki kebebasan dalam menentukan apa yang menjadi kehendaknya, sehingga turut saja dalam perjanjian kerja yang dibuat secara baku oleh pemberi kerja. Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini yakni bagaimana penerapan Kedua asas tersebut ke dalam Perjanjian Kerja, lalu apakah penerapan kedua asas tersebut memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja berdasarkan Perjanjian Kerja, dan Faktor apa yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapan kedua asas tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis yakni penelitian yuridis sosiologis di Perusahaan yang berada di Banjarmasin. Hasil penilitan menunjukan bahwa penerapan dari kedua asas tersebut pada Perusahaan yakni belum secara penuh diterapkan. Hal ini dikarenakan bahwa masih terdapat pertentangan dengan undang-undang baik dari jenis maupun isi perjanjian kerja. Faktor penghambat dari penerapan kedua asas tersebut yakni kurangnya sosialisasi dari perusahaan mengenai perjanjian kerja yang terhadap tenaga kerja.
Implementation of E-Court in Civil Life Settlement to Realize Simple Principles Quickly and Low Costs (Study in Malang District Court Class 1a) Ferlyawan Isnanda Nuh; Herwastoeti Herwastoeti; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): November, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.709 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v2i3.23264

Abstract

The development of technology and information in the digital era as it is today is a significant change in human behavior. The digital era as it is today requires all elements of society and institutions to meet the needs of the community related to the development of this era. On the basis of this fulfillment, the Supreme Court has created an e-court application. This research is a type of empirical legal research. Empirical legal research is oriented to primary data (research results in the field). As for the results of this study, the implementation of e-court at the Malang District Court has been implemented in accordance with Perma No.1 of 2019, there are 4 features of e-court services, namely registration, payment, summons, and trial, all of which are held electronically. This is also an effort made by the Supreme Court to modernize the judicial process in Indonesia without eliminating aspects that existed in the previous judicial system, namely maximizing the existing potential with the support of information and communication technology. In line with the suitability of the simple principle of fast and low cost, the number of cases at the Malang District Court that entered via e-court in 2019 to 2021 reached 4,985 cases, namely civil cases that include applications, lawsuits, simple claims, and objections. In 2019 there were fewer cases that went through compared to cases that went through the manual procedure, but over time the e-court became effective, and manual case registration began to be abandoned. The effectiveness of e-courts in the settlement of civil cases at the Malang District Court has been running effectively since 2020, namely the examination and settlement of issues are carried out in an efficient and effective manner, and at a cost that the community can reach.
The Effectiveness of Application Mediation in Reducing Divorce Cases at Jombang Religious Court Muhammad Amin Syarifudin; Herwastoeti Herwastoeti; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): November, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (266.182 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v2i3.23339

Abstract

 The reason for the occurrence of divorce at the Jombang Religious Court is due to several factors, but in how many years the pandemic has increased other factors such as a moral crisis, no responsibility, persecution, biological defects, economic problems, and other factors, jealousy, forced marriage, and no household harmony and underage marriage, divorce is a legal way to deal with marital conflicts under the umbrella of Indonesian law and formalized Islamic law, it is hoped that mediation will be the mediating point of all kinds of divorce issues, Mediation is a process of judicial proceedings regulated in PERMA No. 1 of 2016 concerning mediation procedures in court. the implementation of mediation at the Jombang Religious Court has been carried out according to the procedure, but in the last 4 years the Jombang Religious Court has experienced an increase in cases and the number that cannot be mediated is quite a lot due to the absence of the parties even though they have been summoned more than twice but the parties still choose not present so that the case continues and cannot be mediated, while cases that can be mediated are influenced by the peaceful intentions of both parties so that the mediation can be carried out or those who are being mediated choose to come because they demand their rights as in the case of divorce talk is alimony arising from divorce, so the authors found the ineffectiveness of mediation in its implementation which was unsuccessful due to several obstacles in its implementation, namely the strong desire between parties, ignorance of the importance of mediation by the community, the role of advocates. The author also provides a solution to the obstacles to the ineffectiveness of mediation by maximizing the panel of judges, mediation training, the role of the mediator, the role of the government, and evaluating the performance of the mediator.
Legal Consequences of Marriage Agreement to Interested Third Parties Rhesita Ayu Sophia Dewi; Herwastoeti; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): March, 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i1.25362

Abstract

Marriage is a bond that forms a family within society and the state. With the existence of marriage can realize the welfare and happiness between humans. In a marriage, the husband or wife certainly brings assets called innate assets. So, before the marriage takes place, the prospective husband and wife make a marriage agreement which is a form of agreement made between one party and another and there is no coercion from any party. This study aims to find out how the process of making a marriage agreement deed and to find out whether the marriage agreement has legal consequences for third parties. The type of research used is empirical juridical with primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques with interviews and observation. The results of the study show that in Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, what is unanimously mixed are assets acquired during marriage. As for inherited assets, they remain under the authority of each unless mutually agreed upon by the husband and wife to be united in joint property. In the marriage agreement besides binding the husband and wife, the marriage agreement is also binding on third parties. So, this is a third party is very interested. Abstrak Perkawinan merupakan ikatan yang membentuk suatu keluarga di dalam lingkungan masyarakat dan negara. Dengan adanya perkawinan dapat mewujudkan kesejahteraan dan kebahagiaan antar manusia. Dalam suatu perkawinan suami atau istri tentunya membawa harta yang disebut harta bawaan. Maka sebelum perkawinan berlangsung para calon suami dan isteri membuat perjanjian perkawinan yang merupakan salah satu wujud dari perjanjian yang dibuat antara satu pihak dengan pihak yang lain dan tidak ada paksaan dari pihak manapun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses dalam pembuatan akta perjanjian perkawinan serta untuk mengetahui apakah perjanjian perkawinan memiliki akibat hukum bagi pihak ketiga. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan data perimer dan data skunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam Undang – Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, yang dicampurkan secara bulat adalah harta yang diperoleh selama perkawinan. Sedangkan untuk harta bawaan tetap di bawah kekuasaan masing-masing kecuali disepakati bersama oleh suami dan istri untuk disatukan dalam harta bersama. Dalam perjanjian pernikahan selain mengikat pasangan suami-istri tersebut, perjanjian perkawinan juga mengikat terhadap pihak ketiga. Maka hal ini pihak ketiga sangat berkepentingan.  
Non-litigation as An Environmental Dispute Resolution Mechanism in Indonesia Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari; Aditya Aji Syuhadha Ilmiawan; Echaib Samira
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Maret, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (234.164 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v2i1.20756

Abstract

Environmental problems have occurred in the global scope, both developed and developing countries. Environmental problems are not only problems of developed countries or industrialized countries including Indonesia. Efforts to overcome environmental problems in developing countries have no other choice but to carry out development. Without the level of development, people will decline, and the environment will be increasingly damaged. Development must still be carried out without damaging the environment. This balance must be maintained in order to preserve the environment. Indonesia has been paying attention to environmental management since 1972. Settlement of environmental disputes through litigation does not produce many results. Dispute resolution through non-litigation channels assumes that dispute resolution through litigation results in very disappointing results. This study wants to conduct a study related to the implementation of Government Regulation No. 54 of 2000 concerning Service Providers for Environmental Dispute Resolution Services Outside the Court and find obstacles and solutions in resolving environmental disputes out of court. The implementation of Government Regulation No. 54 of 2000 at the central government level has established a service provider institution based on the Decree of the State Minister of the Environment Number 77 of 2003 concerning the Establishment of an Out-of-court Environmental Dispute Resolution Service Provider (LPJP2SLH) at the Ministry of the Environment, but its performance has not yet been felt. Abstrak Masalah lingkungan telah terjadi dalam lingkup global, regional maupun nasional baik negara maju maupun negara berkembang. Masalah lingkungan bukan hanya masalah negara maju atau negara industri namun juga pada negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Upaya mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan di negara berkembang tidak ada pilihan lain selain melakukan pembangunan. Pembangunan tetap harus dilakukan tanpa merusak lingkungan. Keseimbangan ini harus dijaga agar kelestarian lingkungan tetap terjaga. Indonesia telah memperhatikan pengelolaan lingkungan sejak tahun 1972. Penyelesaian sengketa lingkungan melalui litigasi tidak banyak membuahkan hasil. Penyelesaian sengketa melalui jalur non-litigasi didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa penyelesaian sengketa melalui jalur litigasi memberikan hasil yang sangat mengecewakan. Penelitian ini ingin melakukan kajian mendalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 54 Tahun 2000 tentang Penyelenggara Jasa Penyelesaian Sengketa Lingkungan Hidup di Luar Pengadilan, serta mencari kendala dan solusi penyelesaian sengketa lingkungan hidup di luar pengadilan. Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 54 Tahun 2000 di tingkat pemerintah pusat telah membentuk lembaga penyedia layanan berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 77 Tahun 2003 tentang Pembentukan Layanan Penyelesaian Sengketa Lingkungan Di Luar Pengadilan Penyelenggara (LPJP2SLH) di Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup, namun kinerjanya belum optimal.
Juridical Review of Standard Clauses in Car Rental Agreements Based on Good Faith Principles Shavananda Shalsabilzahra H; Herwastoeti; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i2.25361

Abstract

Rental agreements are usually made in writing in a standardized form, namely the content, form and closing have been standardized unilaterally by the business actor. This agreement is coercive and causes losses for the lessee and even an imbalance in the position between consumers and producers. This study aims to: (1) determine the contents of the standard clauses in the car rental agreement at Komando Rent a Car whether or not they are in accordance with the principle of good faith (2) to determine the legal consequences of including the standard clause in the car rental agreement at Komando Rent a car. The type of research used in this study is empirical juridical by using data collection techniques through interviews and literature studies. The results of the study show that: (1) the car rental agreement at Komando Rent a Car is not in accordance with the principle of good faith because there is a standard clause in the form of delegation of responsibility for business actors to the detriment of one of the parties, does not reflect a sense of justice and violates the law (2 ) the legal consequence of the inclusion of a standard clause which contains the transfer of responsibility for this business actor is that the agreement is null and void and can be subject to imprisonment and fines. Abstrak Perjanjian sewa biasanya dilakukan secara tertulis yang sudah dalam bentuk baku yaitu isi, bentuk serta penutupannya telah dibakukan secara sepihak oleh pelaku usaha. Perjanjian ini bersifat memaksa dan menimbulkan kerugian bagi pihak penyewa bahkan terdapat ketidakseimbangan posisi antara konsumen dan produsen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui isi klausula baku pada perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil di Komando Rent a Car telah sesuai atau tidak dengan asas itikad baik (2) untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dari pencantuman klausula baku pada perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil di Komando Rent a Car. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil di Komando Rent a Car tidak sesuai dengan asas itikad baik karena terdapat klausula baku berupa pelimpahan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha sehingga merugikan salah satu pihaknya, tidak mencerminkan rasa keadilan dan melanggar Undang-Undang (2) akibat hukum dari pencantuman klausula baku yang memuat pengalihan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha ini adalah perjanjian tersebut batal demi hukum dan dapat dikenai sanksi penjara dan denda.
Legal Liability for Celebrities Promoting Goods Through The Instagram Platform Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari; Devlita Almi Az Zahra; Herwastoeti
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v3i3.32107

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the Legal Position of celebrities in promoting goods through the Instagram platform and the form of legal liability by celebrities for endorsements or advertised products. With a normative Legal method supported by statutory and conceptual approaches in the context of problem-solving, and Library Research, this research reveals that the legal position of celebrities holds no legal basis which specifically regulates the legal position of celebrities and no rules used and applied, resulting in a vacuum in norms. When a problem regarding endorsement with indications of products not in accordance with what is advertised emerges, this issue involves Liability based on fault. In such a case, the relevant form of liability where the celebgram is responsible for losses caused by mistakes contravening Article 4 letter h of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection asserting that consumers are entitled to compensation, compensation and/or replacement if the goods and/or services received are not by the agreement or not as they should be. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat mengetahui tentang Kedudukan Hukum selebgram dalam mempromosikan barang melalui platform Instagram serta untuk dapat mengetahui tentang bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum oleh selebgram atas endorsement atau produk yang diklankan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah jenis Penelitian Hukum Normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan (the statute approach), penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan konseptual (the conceptual approach) yang digunakan dalam rangka pemecahan masalah, serta penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah Kedudukan hukum selebgram secara khusus ditegaskan bahwasanya tidak ada dasar hukum yang mengatur secara khusus mengenai kedudukan hukum selebgram dan belum memiliki aturan yang dipakai dan diterapkan akibatnya terjadi kekosongan norma. Ketika terjadi permasalahan mengenai endorsement dengan indikasi produk yang tidak sesuai dengan yang diklankan maka bentuk pertanggungjawaban yang dilakukan adalah Liability base on fault. Dimana dalam hal ini dapat dijelaskan bahwa Bentuk pertanggungjawaban yang relevan adalah dimana selebgram bertanggungjawab atas kerugian yang disebabkan oleh kesalahan yang dilakukannya terdapat dalam Pasal 4 huruf h UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen yang berbunyi konsumen berhak untuk mendapatkan kompensasi, ganti rugi dan/atau penggantian, apabila barang dan/atau jasa yang diterima tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian atau tidak sebagaimana mestinya.
Settlement of Land Plot Location Disputes Through Mediation: Case at Kediri Regency Land Office Rahmalia Pawestri; Isdian Anggraeny; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): July, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i2.35287

Abstract

A dispute over the location of a land plot is a dispute caused by confusion in the designation of land plots or boundaries. This dispute can cause losses for parties who have an interest in the land plot. Land dispute resolution, one of which is a dispute over the location of land parcels, can be resolved through non-litigation channels through mediation. Mediation as an alternative to dispute resolution is considered more profitable for the parties because it uses a win-win solution method. This research is an empirical juridical research, using primary and secondary data sources. The location of the research is at the Kediri Regency Land Office. The result of this study is the implementation of mediation at the Kediri Regency Land Office through several stages guided by Article 6 paragraph (1) of the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 21 of 2020 concerning the Handling and Settlement of Land Cases. The implementation of mediation at the Kediri District Land Office has obstacles including the parties to the dispute not being present at the time of mediation and having a bad faith. In this case, the solution that can be provided by the Kediri District Land Office is to advise the parties to resolve the dispute through litigation at the Kediri District District Court. Abstrak Sengketa letak bidang tanah merupakan sengketa yang disebabkan oleh kekeliruan dalam penunjukan bidang atau batas tanah. Sengketa ini dapat menyebabkan kerugian bagi pihak yang memiliki kepentingan atas bidang tanah tersebut. Penyelesaian sengketa pertanahan salah satunya sengketa letak bidang tanah dapat diselesaikan melalui jalur non litigasi melalui mediasi. Mediasi sebagai alternative penyelesaian sengketa dinilai lebih menguntungkan bagi para pihak sebab menggunakan metode win-win solution. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris, dengan menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Kediri. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan mediasi di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Kediri melalui beberapa tahapan yang berpedoman pada Pasal 6 ayat (1) Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 21 tahun 2020 tentang Penanganan dan penyelesaian Kasus Pertanahan. Pelaksanaan mediasi di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Kediri memiliki hambatan diantaranya adalah para pihak yang bersengketa tidak hadir pada saat mediasi serta beritikad tidak. Dalam hal ini, solusi yang dapat diberikan oleh pihak Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Kediri adalah menyarankan kepada para pihak untuk menyelesaikan sengketa melalui jalur litigasi di Pengadilan Negeri Kabupaten Kediri.
The Process of Dispute Resolution with Mediation in The Land Office of Batu City Sherin Adriani; Salsabila, Firdina Nur Alfida Putri; Dwi Ratna Indri Hapsari
Indonesia Law Reform Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): November, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ilrej.v4i3.37098

Abstract

The National Land Agency oversees government affairs in the land sector also has the authority to take administrative actions for resolving land disputes within its jurisdiction, playing a vital role in addressing land issues in Indonesia. According to the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs also Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21 of 2020, the BPN Kota Batu operates as a vertical agency under the National Land Agency also is directly accountable to the Minister through the Head of the Regional Office. This office serves as a mediator in local land disputes. The author conducts empirical legal research, including direct interviews with the Head of the Dispute Control also Handling Section at the BPN Kota Batu. Key issues examined involve the mediation process for resolving disputes also challenges encountered during mediation. Findings reveal that 1)the BPN Kota Batu adheres to proper procedures for mediation in line with applicable regulations, also 2)obstacles include 1)cooperation from the involved parties also 2)the mediator's capacity to facilitate dispute resolution effectively. Abstrak Badan Pertanahan Nasional mengawasi urusan pemerintahan di sektor pertanahan serta memiliki wewenang guna mengambil tindakan administratif dalam menyelesaikan sengketa tanah di wilayahnya, memainkan peran penting dalam menangani masalah pertanahan di Indonesia. Menurut Peraturan Menteri Agraria serta Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2020, Kantor Pertanahan Kota Batu beroperasi sebagai lembaga vertikal di bawah Badan Pertanahan Nasional serta langsung bertanggung jawab kepada Menteri melalui Kepala Kantor Wilayah. Kantor ini berfungsi sebagai mediator dalam sengketa tanah lokal. Penulis melakukan penelitian hukum empiris, termasuk wawancara langsung dengan Kepala Seksi Pengendalian serta Penanganan Sengketa di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Batu. Isu-isu kunci yang diteliti melibatkan proses mediasi guna menyelesaikan sengketa serta tantangan yang dihadapi selama mediasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa 1)Kantor Pertanahan Kota Batu mematuhi prosedur yang tepat guna mediasi sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, serta 2)kendala yang dihadapi meliputi 1)kerja sama dari pihak-pihak yang terlibat serta 2)kapasitas mediator guna memfasilitasi penyelesaian sengketa secara efektif.