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All Journal Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Andalas Journal of International Studies Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Madani Turast: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Journal of Tourism Economics and Policy AMMA : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Mandira Cendikia (JPKM-MC)
Salam, Syahrul
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Journal : Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

 1 
DIPLOMASI EKONOMI INDONESIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN EKSPOR KAKAO KE MALAYSIA PERIODE 2017 – 2021 Putri, Melisa Triatika Putri; Darmastuti, Shanti; Salam, Syahrul
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v8i1.11284

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries that relies on international trade to support its economic growth. Since the 1980s, Indonesia's international trade has undergone significant changes, where previously, its exports heavily depended on oil and gas commodities. However, non-oil and gas commodities, such as cocoa, have now become dominant sectors in Indonesia's export development. Exports play a vital role in a country's economy, as an increase in exports compared to imports benefits the country, while dependence on imports can lead to a trade balance deficit. Malaysia is one of the main destinations for Indonesia's cocoa exports, followed by China, India, the United States, and the Philippines. Total cocoa exports in the last five years have shown fluctuations. Although geographically close, there are significant differences between Indonesian and Malaysian cocoa beans, especially in processing practices, particularly cocoa bean fermentation. Studies have shown that Indonesia's cocoa exports to Malaysia have increased, although from 2017 to 2021, there was a slight decline in the export volume. Indonesia's economic diplomacy, including cocoa product promotion and production quality improvements, has played a crucial role in maintaining and enhancing the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa in the Malaysian market. Overall, Indonesia's economic diplomacy has significantly contributed to boosting cocoa exports to Malaysia during the 2017–2021 period through various initiatives that strengthen the competitiveness and quality of Indonesian cocoa products in the international market.
Co-Authors Agung Ayu Utami, Rahmadini Amani, Syifa Humaira Bhayu Akoso, Dimas Hery Saripudin, Mohamad Mansur Juned Nurmasari Situmeang Putri, Melisa Triatika Putri Rafika Rafika SARIPUDIN, Mohamad Hery Setiadarma, Aan Shanti Darmastuti SITI MARYAM Sutiono, Pribadi Talmullah, Ali Zhafir Utami, Rahmadini Agung Ayu Widiastutie, Sophiana Yuliani Widianingsih, Yuliani Zahidahni Hamidah, Hasna’ Zhafir Talmullah, Ali