PERBEDAAN PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH (3-6 TAHUN) PADA TIPE NUCLEAR FAMILY DAN EXTENDED FAMILY DI DUSUN MANGGAR DESA KUNIR KEC. WONODADI KAB. BLITAR - Nur Halilah; Farida Halis Dyah Kusuma; Esti Widiani (Nursing News : Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 2018)
Perkembangan Kognitif adalah kemampuan anak dalam menggunakan pikiran tarkait dengan pengetahuan serta dalam bentuk aplikasi tehadap lingkungan. Perkembangan kognitif dipengaruhu oleh lingkungan keluarga, terdiri dari nuclear family (ayah, ibu, anak) dan extended family (keluarga inti ditambah anggota keluarga lain yang masih mempunyai hubungan darah (kakek-nenek, paman-bibi). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan perkembangan kognitif anak usia prasekolah (3-6 tahun) pada tipe nuclear family dan extended family. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis teknik metode penelitian survei. Sedangkan desain penelitian ini menggunakan non eksperimentaln komperatif dengan populasi sebanyak 45 anak dan ibu. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 32 anak dan ibu yang terbagi dari tipe nuclear family dan extended family. Tehnik samplingnya adalah purposive sampling. Alat penelitian menggunakan observasi. Analisa data menggunakan uji t yaitu Independen T-test. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa bahwa hampir sebagian besar anak pada tipe nuclear family termasuk katagori sesuai yaitu sebanyak 12 oarang (75%) dan sebagian besar perkembangan kognitif anak tipe extended family termasuk kedalam katagori tidak sesuai yaitu sebanyak 9 orang (56%). Hasil analisa data Independen t-test nilai thitung sebesar 3,250 dengan tingkat Sig.(2-tailed)= 0,003 sehingga nilai ttabel = 2,042 pada taraf signifikansi (α = 0,05) jadi thitung ≥ ttabel = 3,250 ≥2,042 maka terdapat perbedaan antara perkembangan kognitif pada tipe nuclear family dan extended family. Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya merekomendasi untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan kognitif anak usia prasekolah menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. ABSTRACT Cognitive development is the child's ability to use the mind that related with knowledge as well as in application form with the environment. Cognitive development is influenced by the family environment, consisting of a nuclear family (father, mother, children) and extended family (nuclear family plus other family members who still have ablood relationship (grand parents, uncle-aunt). Purpose of this study is to determine differences in the cognitive development of preschool children (3-6 years old) on the type of nuclear family and the extended family. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of methods techniques of survey research. While the design of this study used a non-experimental comparative with a population as many as 45children and mothers. Sampling of study were 32 children and mothers are divided from the type of nuclear family and the extended family. Sampling technique was purposive sampling. Research tooluses observation. Data analysis uses thet test, that is Independent T-test. Results of this study showed that most of the children in the nuclear family types includ in gapproriate categories as many as 12 people (75 %) andmost of the cognitive development of the child'sex tended family types included in the categoryis not appropriateas many as9 people (56%). Data analysis result of t-test Independent the value of t count = 3.250 with level of Sig.(2-tailed) =0.003so the valueof t table =2.042on significance level (α =0.05) so tcount ≥ t table = 3.250 ≥ 2.042 so there is a difference betweenthe development cognitive type of nuclear family and the extended family. For further research, the researcher recommends to examine the factors that affect of cognitive developmentin preschool age use interviews and observations. Keywords: Cognitive Development; Preschool; The Type of Family.