GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPARAHAN MALOKLUSI MENGGUNAKAN HANDICAPPING MALOCCLUSION ASSESSMENT RECORD (HMAR) PADA SISWA SDN GAMBUT 10 - Muhammad Aufar Rafif Adha; Diana Wibowo; Nolista Indah Rasyid (Dentin, 2019)
Latar Belakang: Maloklusi menduduki urutan ketiga setelah karies gigi dan penyakit periodontal pada masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia dengan prevalensi yang sangat tinggi yaitu sekitar 80%. Keparahan maloklusi dinilai dengan menggunakan indeks maloklusi. Indeks yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Handicapping Malocclusion Assesment Record (HMAR) yang dapat memberikan penilaian ciri-ciri oklusi secara kuantitatif dan objektif. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran keparahan maloklusi dengan menggunakan Handicapping Malocclusion Assesment Record (HMAR) pada siswa SDN Gambut 10. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa SDN Gambut 10 kelas 3, 4, 5 dan 6 dengan anak usia 8 hingga 12 tahun. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 52 responden dan pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dilakukan pemeriksaan dan penilaian melalui model studi untuk mengetahui tingkat keparahan maloklusi menggunakan indeks Handicapping Malocclusion Assesment Record (HMAR). Hasil: Kasus maloklusi yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah maloklusi ringan, kasus tertentu perlu perawatan yaitu 22 orang (42,3%), diikuti maloklusi berat, perlu perawatan sebanyak 16 orang (30,7%), maloklusi ringan, tidak perlu perawatan sebanyak 10 orang (19,2%) dan maloklusi berat, sangat perlu perawatan sebanyak 3 orang (5,7%). Kesimpulan: Keparahan maloklusi menggunakan HandicappingMalocclusion Assesment Record (HMAR) pada siswa SDN Gambut 10 yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah kategori maloklusi ringan, kasus tertentu perlu perawatan.Kata kunci : Anak-anak, HMAR, keparahan maloklusiBackground: Malocclusion ranks third after dental caries and periodontal disease among dental and oral health problems in Indonesia with a very high prevalence of around 80%. Malocclusion severity can be assessed using a malocclusion index. The index used in this study is the Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) which can provide a quantitative and an objective assessment of occlusion traits. Purpose: To find out the severity of malocclusion using Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) on students of SDN Gambut 10. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The population in this study were students of SDN Gambut 10 grade 3, 4, 5 and 6 including children in 8 to 12-year age group. Total sample comprised of 52 respondents which was determined by purposive sampling technique. Samples were examined and were assessed with a study model to determine the severity of malocclusion using Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR). Results: The most common case of malocclusion were mild malocclusion in which certain cases require a treatment in the total of 22 people (42.3%). It was followed by severe malocclusion in which cases require treatment in the total of 16 people (30.7%). Mild malocclusion with no treatment required was presented in the total of 10 people (19.2%) and severe malocclusion which requires treatment were observed in the total of 3 people (5.7%). Conclusion: The severity of malocclusion assessed using Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) among students of SDN Gambut 10 is mostly presented in mild malocclusion category in which certain cases require a treatment.