STRUKTUR POPULASI DAN ANALISIS PARASITOLOGI KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck 1819) DI DESA JABUNGAN, SEMARANG - Widiastuti, Lusiana Rahayu; Afiati, Norma; Widyorini, Niniek (Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES), 2015)
Desa Jabungan memiliki sawah yang cukup luas dengan beberapa jenis Gastropoda didalamnya. Gastropoda yang banyak ditemui adalah keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata) yang merupakan salah satu sumberdaya perikanan tawar yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan pada Juni – Juli 2014 ini bertujuan untuk mengaji struktur populasi serta mengetahui jenis parasit yang dikandung keong mas. Sampel dikumpulkan dari sawah irigasi Desa Jabungan, Kecamatan Tembalang. Area pengambilan sampel dibedakan menjadi tiga lokasi di perairan sawah Desa Jabungan, yaitu: inlet, tengah, dan outlet. Metode studi kasus digunakan dalam penelitian ini, sedangkan teknik pengambilan sampel bersifat purposive sampling. Ukuran keong mas yang didapat selama 4 kali sampling berkisar antara 9,1 mm – 40,5 mm, dengan total kerapatan populasi tertinggi pada inlet, yaitu sebanyak 100 ind/m2, di bagian tengah 40 ind/m2, dan di outlet sawah 96 ind/m2. Pola distribusi populasi keong mas selama penelitian bersifat mengelompok. Sifat pertumbuhan alometrik yang ditaksir dari variabel panjang cangkang terhadap berat kering jaringan, antara tanggal 19 Juni 2014 dan 3 Juli 2014 diketahui bersifat alometrik positif, sedangkan pada tanggal 26 Juni 2014 dan 10 Juli 2014 bersifat alometrik negatif. Pengamatan parasit dilakukan pada individu dengan kisaran ukuran 13,3 mm – 40,7 mm. Sampel tanggal 19 Juni 2014 mengandung 8 spesies parasit yaitu Opistorchis viverrini, Strongyloides stercoralis, Paragonimus westermani, Miracidium, Schitosoma japonicum, Echinostoma lindoense, Gnathostoma spinigerum, dan Echinococcus granulosus. Adapun sampel tanggal 10 Juli 2014 mengandung 13 spesies parasit yaitu Schitosoma mansoni, Opistorchis viverrini, Echinostoma lindoense, Paragonium westermani, Clomorchis sinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Oxyuris vermicuralis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichinella spiralis, Fasciola hepatica, Gnathostoma spinigerum, Schitosoma japonicum, dan Telur Echinostoma sp.Jabungan is a village with a fairly extensive rice fields with some type of gastropod therein. Gastropods mostly found is the golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata) which is one of the freshwater fishery resources consumed by local residents. This study was carried out in June-July 201, aimed to examine the structure of the golden snail population and knowing the type of parasite contained within the golden snail. Snail collected from rice fields irrigated Village Jabungan, district Tembalang. Sampling area were divided into three locations in the waters of the rice field Jabungan village, namely: the inlet, middle, and outlet. The Case study method is used in this study, whereas the technique of sampling is purposive sampling. Size of golden snail obtained from 4 times sampling ranged between 9,1 mm – 40,5 mm, with a total population of highest density on the inlet i.e., 100 ind/m2, in the central part of the rice fields 40 ind/m2, and at the outlet of the rice fields 96 ind/m2. The snail population distribution patterns during the study is clumped. Type of allometric growth obtained from dry tissue weight against shell length varied, between June 19, 2014 and July 3, 2014 is positive allometric, while on June 26, 2014 and July 10, 2014 is a negative allometric. Observation of parasite performed on individuals with a range of size 13.3 mm – 40,7 mm. A sample on June 19, 2014 contained 8 species of parasites i.e., Opistorchis viverrini Strongyloides stercoralis, Paragonimus westermani, Miracidium, Schitosoma japonicum, Echinostoma lindoense, Gnathostoma spinigerum, and Echinococcus granulosus. Whereas a sample on July 10, 2014 13 species of parasites were found Schitosoma mansoni, Opistorchis viverrini, Echinostoma lindoense, Paragonium westermani, Clomorchis sinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Oxyuris vermicuralis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichinella spirallis, Fasciola hepatica, Gnathostoma spinigerum, Schitosoma japonicum, and Echinostoma sp’s egg.