Pengaruh Implementasi Corporate Governance terhadap Efisiensi Bank Umum di Indonesia - Eliana Eliana; Dian Wahyuni (Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Global Masa Kini)
ABSTRACTThe implementation of good corporate governance (GCG) is an important thing in sustaining the operational activities of banking companies. This thing is due to the company requires good governance so that, all operational activities can be carried out by transparent, accountable, and efficient. Studies on the relationship between the application of GCG dimensions and company efficiency have been carried out by researchers. However, in the context of bank financial services companies, the functional relationship between the efficiency of the company and the implementation of GCG dimension has not been widely disclosed by the researcher. Even if any, the results of the research they have found were still paradoxical from one another. This study aims to analyze the effect of the implementation of GCG on the efficiency of commercial banks in Indonesia. The GCG implementation is limited to four dimensions consisting of share ownership, the board size, board composition, and separation of CEO and board. The research sample consisted of 20 banking companies listed on the IDX from 2013 to 2018. Data collection through documentation of the financial statements of each bank. Furthermore, the data analyzed using the econometric model of the fixed-effect methods panel regression. The study found that simultaneously the four dimensions of GCG had a significant effect on the efficiency of banking companies. Partially the concentration of share ownership negatively affects efficiency. In contrast, the composition of the board and the separation between the CEO and the board have a positive effect. Furthermore, board size does not affect the efficiency of the banking company.Keywords : Efficiency of Banking, The implementation of GCG and Panel RegressionABSTRAKPenerapan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik merupakan hal penting dalam menopang kegiatan operasional perusahaan perbankan. Hal ini disebabkan karena perusahaan membutuhkan tata kelola yang baik sehingga, semua kegiatan operasional dapat dilakukan secara transparan, akuntabel, dan efisien. Studi tentang hubungan antara penerapan dimensi GCG dan efisiensi perusahaan telah dilakukan oleh para peneliti. Namun, dalam konteks perusahaan jasa keuangan bank, hubungan fungsional antara efisiensi perusahaan dan penerapan dimensi GCG belum diungkapkan secara luas oleh peneliti. Bahkan jika ada, hasil penelitian yang mereka temukan masih bertentangan satu sama lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh implementasi GCG terhadap efisiensi bank umum di Indonesia. Implementasi GCG yang dimaksudkan dibatasi hanya pada empat dimensi terdiri dari kepemilikan saham, ukuran komisaris, komposisi komisaris dan pemisahan CEO dan komisaris. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 20 perusahaan perbankan yang listing di BEI selama periode 2013-2018. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi terhadap laporan keuangan masing-masing bank. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan menggunakan peralatan ekonometrik regresi panel metode fixed effect model. Penelitian menemukan bahwa secara simultan keempat dimensi GCG tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi perusahaan perbankan. Secara parsial konsentrasi kepemilikan saham oleh pihak internal perusahaan berpengaruh negatif terhadap efisiensi. Sebaliknya, komposisi komisaris dan pemisahan antara CEO dan komisaris berpengaruh positif. Selanjutnya ukuran komisaris tidak berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi perusahaan perbankan.Kata kunci : Efisiensi Perusahaan, Implementasi GCG dan Regresi Panel