Potensi Beberapa Varietas Jagung untuk Dikembangkan sebagai Varietas Jagung Semi - Yudiwanti, Yudiwanti; Sepriliyana, W R; Budiarti, S G (Jurnal Hortikultura, 2010)
ABSTRAK. Jagung semi merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran yang semakin digemari, akan tetapi produksinyadi Indonesia menghadapi kendala antara lain belum tersedianya varietas jagung yang khusus untuk diproduksi sebagaijagung semi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi potensi dari beberapa varietas jagung untukdikembangkan sebagai varietas jagung semi. Penelitian lapangan dilaksanakan di KP IPB Leuwikopo, Dramaga,Bogor dari bulan Mei sampai Juli 2009. Bahan genetik yang digunakan terdiri dari 17 varietas koleksi BB Biogen,yaitu lima varietas lokal (Campaloga, Genjah Kodok, Ketip Kuning, Lokal Oesae, dan Lokal Srimanganti), tujuhvarietas hasil pemuliaan (Antasena, Arjuna P18, Bayu, BC 10 MS 15 , Nakula, Sadewa, dan Wisanggeni), lima varietasintroduksi (EW DMR Pool C6S2, EY Pool C4S2, Kiran, Phil DMR Comp 2, dan Phil DMR 6), dan satu varietaskontrol, Bisi-2. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan tiga ulangan. Peubah yangdiamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah buku, diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur panen pertama, jumlah tongkolper tanaman, bobot tongkol bersih per tanaman, ukuran tongkol (diameter dan panjang tongkol), jumlah tongkollayak pasar, dan jumlah tongkol afkir per tanaman. Data dari peubah yang diamati dianalisis dengan ANOVA diikutidengan uji t-Dunnett. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar varietas yang dievaluasi lebih pendekdan berbunga lebih cepat serta dipanen lebih awal, dibanding kontrol. Varietas-varietas Ketip Kuning, Antasena,BC 10 MS 15, dan EW DMR Pool C6S2 menghasilkan jumlah tongkol per tanaman dan bobot tongkol bersih tidakberbeda dari Bisi-2 sebagai kontrol. Varietas-varietas tersebut dapat dikembangkan sebagai varietas jagung semi.Hasil penelitian ini menguatkan diperlukannya perakitan varietas jagung khusus untuk produksi jagung semi yangbertongkol banyak dan layak pasar.ABSTRACT. Yudiwanti, W.R. Sepriliyana, and S.G. Budiarti. 2010. The Potential of Some Maize Varietiesto be Developed as Baby Corn Varieties. Baby corn is one of vegetables which was increasingly popular, but itsproduction in Indonesia was facing constraints such as unavailability of special variety to produce baby corn. Theresearch objective was to obtain information on the potential of several varieties of corn to be developed as baby cornvariety. The experiment conducted at Leuwikopo-IPB experimental field at Dramaga, Bogor from May until July 2009.The genetic material was consisted of 17 collection varieties of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnologyand Genetic Resources Research and Development, they were: five local varieties (Campaloga, Genjah Kodok, KetipKuning, Local Oesae, and Local Srimanganti), seven breeding varieties (Antasena, Arjuna P18, Bayu, BC 10 MS 15,Nakula, Sadewa, and Wisanggeni), five introduced varieties (EW DMR Pool C6S2, EY Pool C4S2, Kiran, Phil DMRComp 2, and Phil DMR 6), and one control variety, Bisi-2. The experiment was arranged in a randomized completelyblock design with three replications. Variables measured were plant height, number of nodes, stem diameter, dateof flowering, date of first harvesting, number of ears per plant, gross weight of ears per plant, net weight of ears perplant, ear size (diameter and length of ears), number of marketable, and nonmarketable baby corn ears. Data measuredwere analyzed with ANOVA followed by t-Dunnett test. The results showed that most of the varieties evaluated wereshorter and flowering faster and also harvested earlier than Bisi-2 as control. Ketip Kuning, Antasena, BC 10 MS 15,and EW DMR Pool C6S2 varieties did not showed any significant different in the number of ear per plant and earnet weight per plant compare with Bisi-2 as control. It showed that those varieties could be developed as baby cornvariety. The results of this study reinforce the need for creating special corn varieties for baby corn production