Pengelompokan dan Jarak Genetik Plasma Nutfah Nenas Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi - Hadiati, Sri; Yuianti, Sri; Sukartini, - (Jurnal Hortikultura, 2009)
Tanaman nenas merupakan tanaman yang dapat diperbanyak secara vegetatif. Secara genetik tanamannenas mempunyai keragaman yang tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan pengelompokan dan jarak genetikantar-aksesi nenas berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika,Solok mulai bulan Januari 2005 sampai Desember 2006. Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap 5 tanaman contoh darisetiap aksesi nenas menggunakan pedoman karakterisasi descriptor list of pineapple (IBPGR 1991). Data hasilkarakterisasi dianalisis dengan program biodiversity profesional version 2.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwadari 83 aksesi dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 12 kelompok pada kemiripan genetik 75%. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensidan mempermudah pemeliharaan koleksi plasma nutfah, maka aksesi-aksesi yang mempunyai kemiripan genetik93,33% atau jarak genetik 0,07 dapat dipilih salah satu di antaranya untuk mewakili kelompoknya. Di samping itu,hasil penelitian juga bermanfaat untuk perakitan nenas tahan terhadap penyakit. Ananas bracteatus, A. bracteatusvariegata, dan A. lucidus dapat disilangkan dengan A. comosus.ABSTRACT. Hadiati, S., S. Yulianti, and Sukartini. 2009. Clustering and Genetic Distance of Some PineapplesGermplasm Collection Based on Morphological Characters. Pineapple is vegetatively propagated crop. However,the crop has high genetical variability. The objective of the study was clustering and determine the genetic distanceof inter-accessions of pineapples based on morphological characters. The research was conducted at the Aripan FieldStation of Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute from January 2005 until December 2006. Five plants of eachpineapple accession were selected as samples for characterization using descriptor list of pineapple characterizationguidelines (IBPGR 1991). The data obtained from characterization were analyzed using profesional biodiversityprogram version 2.0. The results showed that from 83 accessions tested, 12 clusters were obtained at 75% of geneticsimilarity. For easy and efficient maintenance of germplasm collection, one of the accessions with genetic similarityof 93.33% or genetic distance of 0.07 can be choosen as a representative among the group. In addition, these resultsare useful also for pathogen resistance breeding, such as A. bracteatus, A. bracteatus variegata, and A. lucidus canbe crossed with A. comosus.