Advokasi Inklusi Sosial dan Politik Kewarganegaraan: Pengalaman Advokasi Penghayat Marapu di Pulau Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur - Husni Mubarok (Tashwirul Afkar, 2020)
Abstrak Advokasi pluralisme agama umumnya stagnan, jika bukan gagal. Komunitas minoritas masih mengalami diskriminasi atau pelanggaran kebebasan beragama dan berkepercayaan walaupun beragam advokasi telah dilakukan. Di tengah situasi tersebut, advokasi inklusi sosial menawarkan terobosan baru. Melalui trilogi (penerimaan sosial, pelayanan publik, dan perubahan kebijakan), advokasi tersebut berhasil mendorong pemerintah mencatat data kependudukan penghayat Marapu (Akta Kelahiran) yang sebelumnya tidak diakui lantaran agama atau keyakinannya. Studi ini akan menjelaskan mengapa advokasi inklusi sosial terhadap komunitas Marapu berhasil dan bagaimana implikasinya terhadap politik kewarganegaraan di Indonesia. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan membaca dokumen-dokumen advokasi, studi ini menemukan bahwa inklusi sosial sebagai framework dalam advokasi tersebut efektif dalam menghasilkan perubahan. Pengalaman tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model demokrasi inklusif yang menekankan deliberasi warga, termasuk kelompok rentan, lebih tepat untuk menjelaskan politik kewarganegaraan di Indonesia dibanding penjelasan kewarganegaraan formal dan informal.   Abstract The advocacy for religious pluralism has generally stagnated, not to say failed. Minority communities still experience discrimination or violations of freedom of religion and belief. Amid this situation, the advocacy for social inclusion offers a breakthrough. Through its trilogy (social acceptance, public services, and policy changes), this advocacy has succeeded in encouraging the government to record the demographic data of Marapu adherents such as birth certificates that were previously not recognized because of their religion or belief. This study will explain why the advocacy for social inclusion in the context of the Marapu community is thriving and how it has implications for the politics of citizenship in Indonesia. Using qualitative research method: interviews, field observations, and reading advocacy documents, this study finds that social inclusion as a framework for advocacy is effectively generating change. This experience shows that an inclusive democracy model that emphasizes the deliberation of citizens, including vulnerable groups, is more appropriate to explain the politics of citizenship in Indonesia for minority groups rather than the formal and informal explanations of citizenship.