Penyangraian Hancuran Nib Kakao dengan Enerji Gelombang Mikro untuk Menghasilkan Cokelat Bubuk - Supriyanto Supriyanto; Djagal Wiseso Marseno (agriTECH, 2010)
In this experiment, energy from a microwave oven adjusted at 20 % scale out of 900 watt for 5 min was applied to roast ground cocoa nib passing through 20 mesh screen for 5 min to produce cocoa powder. Effect of the technique on the physical and chemical properties of the product was compared to that of the conventional roasting at 140oC for 40 min. The result indicated that cocoa powder which was produced by microwave roasting had lower water content (3.48% compared to 3.88%); lower fat content (23.56% compared to 25.18%). It had smaller particle size and more uniform (10-45 µm compared to 20 – 125 µm), however both of them had the same brown intensity. Flavor intensity, color and acceptability of cocoa powder produced by microwave oven did not show a significant difference (p<0.05), however it had more bitter taste, and comprised more flavor components compared to that of resulted by conventional roasting. Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of cocoa powder produced by microwave and conventional roasting were not significant difference (p<0.05).ABSTRAKDalam penelitian ini dilakukan penyangraian hancuran keping biji kakao (nib) lolos ayakan 20 mesh, mengguna- kan enerji gelombang mikro (EGM), untuk pengolahan bubuk cokelat. Pengaruh cara penyangraian tersebut dikaji terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia bubuk cokelat yang dihasilkan, dibandingkan dengan penyangraian konvensional. Pe- nyangraian nib kakao menggunakan EGM dilakukan selama 5 menit diatur pada posisi power 20 % dari 900 watt, penyangraian konvensional dilakukan pada suhu 140 oC selama 40 menit. Bubuk cokelat hasil penyangraian meng- gunakan EGM mempunyai kadar air lebih rendah (3,48 % dibanding 3,88 %), kadar lemak lebih rendah (23,56 % dibanding 25,18 %), ukuran partikel hancuran lebih kecil (10 – 45 µm dibanding 20 – 125 µm) dan lebih merata, serta intensitas warna cokelat tidak berbeda dibanding bubuk cokelat hasil penyangraian konvensional (p<0,05). Bubuk cokelat dari hasil penyangraian dengan EGM mempunyai kekuatan flavor, warna, dan kesukaan tidak berbeda, tetapi berasa lebih pahit dan jumlah komponen flavor yang terbentuk lebih banyak. Kandungan polifenol dan aktivitas anti- oksidan bubuk cokelat hasil penyangraian dengan EGM tidak berbeda dengan bubuk cokelat dari hasil penyangraian konvensional(p<0,05)