Weed Diversity In Smallholder Oil Palm Plantation Area In Binjai Village, Bilah Hilir Sub-District, Labuhan Batu Regency - JUNITA JUNITA; Hasanuddin Hasanuddin; Muhibbuddin Muhibbuddin; Djufri Djufri; Mimie Saputri (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi, 2020)
ABSTRACT Keywords: Diversity, species, weeds, oil palm. Weeds are part of plant-disturbing organisms whose existence is not expected by the main plants or cultivated plants because they can interfere and reduce production yields. This study examined the diversity of weeds in smallholder palm plantation area in Binjai Village, Bilah Hilir District. The study was conducted from August to September 2020. The aim of this study was to identify the weed species and weed diversity in the smallholder oil palm plantation area in Binjai village. The samples were selected by dividing the location into 2 stations based on the age range. The data were collected by using the quadratic method, with an area of each plot of 2m x 2m of 20 plots. The data analysis in this study was performed to calculate the density and relative density, frequency and relative frequency, significance value, and diversity index. The results showed that there were 65 species of weeds belonging to 32 families. There were 9 species of grass weeds, 6 species of sedge weeds, and 50 species of broadleaf weeds. The highest significance value (SV) at the station I (aged 5-10 years) was found in Eleusine indica (12.78) and the lowest value was found in Ocimum tenuiflorum (0.69). The highest significance value index (NP) at station II (aged 10-15 years) was found in Nephrolepis biserrata (12.40) and the lowest value was found in Phyllanthus amarus (0.95). The diversity index (H’) of weeds in the smallholder oil palm plantation in Binjai Village, Bilah Hilir Sub-district was high, as shown in the diversity index value of station I (3.42) and station II (3.35). ABSTRAK Kata kunci : Keanekaragaman, spesies, gulma, kelapa sawitGulma merupakan organisme pengganggu tanaman yang keberadaannya tidak diharapkan oleh tanaman utama atau tanaman budidaya karena dapat mengganggu dan menurunkan hasil produksi pada tanaman budidaya. Penelitian ini mengenai keanekaragaman gulma di kawasan perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat Desa Binjai Kecamatan Bilah Hilir telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan September 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies-spesies gulma dan keanekaragaman gulma yang berada di kawasan perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat Desa Binjai. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan membagi lokasi menjadi 2 stasiun yaitu berdasarkan range umur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuadrat, dengan luas masing-masing setiap plot 2m x 2m sebanyak 20 plot. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menghitung kerapatan dan kerapatan relatif, frekuensi dan frekuensi relatif, nilai penting dan indeks keanekaragaman. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 65 spesies gulma yang termasuk 32 familia. Gulma jenis rumput-rumputan terdapat sebanyak 9 spesies, gulma teki-tekian 6 spesies dan gulma berdaun lebar sebanyak 50 spesies. Nilai penting (NP) tertinggi pada stasiun I (Umur 5-10) tahun yaitu Eleusine indica (12,78) dan nilai penting terendah terdapat pada Ocimum tenuiflorum (0,69). Indeks nilai penting (NP) tertinggi pada stasiun II (Umur 10-15) tahun yaitu Nephrolepis biserrata (12,40) dan nilai penting terendah terdapat pada Phyllanthus amarus (0,95). Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) gulma yang berada di kawasan perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat Desa Binjai Kecamatan Bilah Hilir tergolong tinggi, dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman stasiun I (3,44) dan stasiun II (3,35).