POTENSI AKAR KUNING (Fibraurea tinctoria Lour.) DI HUTAN RAWA GAMBUT, KABUPATEN KAPUAS, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH (Potential of akar kuning (Fibraurea tinctoria Laur.) in Peat-Swamp Forests, Kapuas District, Central Kalimantan Province) - Titi - Kalima (Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman, 2021)
ABSTRACT Peat swamp forests in Kalimantan have generally been damaged due to overexploitation and excessive human activities. Akar kuning plant  (Fibraurea tinctoria Laur.) is known as a traditional herbal medicine used by Central Kalimantan people. This study aimed to obtain data on the potential, distribution, and association of akar kuning in the Block Release forest, Mantangai District, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. Data collection was conducted with an inventory purposive sampling method, where two transect lines were made and placed in the location where akar kuning was observed. Then 80 sampling units with a size of 5 m x 5 m and 2 m x 2 m were made alternately with an area of 0.2 ha. The results showed that the potential of  Fibruarea tinctoria in the Block Release forest was 375 individuals/ha and 675 individuals/ha, where the seedling phase is more dominant than the sapling phase (40 individuals/ha and 70 individuals/ha). The akar kuning distribution pattern was also found to spread uniformly or regularly. The level of association measured using the Ochiai index (OI) indicated that the most significant value of association strength was owned by Shorea balangeran and Mangifera similis (OI = 0.63), while the presence of Freycinetia angustifolia had a low level of association (OI = 0.48 - 0.23). Meanwhile, the lowest level of association (OI = < 0.22) was found in 17 species. Plant species associated with Fibraurea tinctoria are usually having potential as medicinal raw materials. Information regarding population, distribution and distribution patterns, as well as the association of akar kuning, is expected to be the basis for sustainable management of akar kuning in nature. Keywords: Potential, Fibraurea tinctoria, Block Release forest ABSTRAK Hutan rawa gambut Kalimantan umumnya telah mengalami kerusakan karena adanya eksploitasi dan aktivitas manusia yang berlebihan. Tumbuhan akar kuning (Fibraurea tinctoria Laur.) dikenal sebagai obat  herbal yang digunakan secara tradisional oleh masyarakat Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi potensi, sebaran, dan asosiasi akar kuning di hutan Blok Release, Kecamatan Mantangai, Kabupaten Kapuas, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara inventarisasi dengan metode pengambilan contoh secara purposif, dibuat dua jalur transek dan peletakan jalur (transek) pada lokasi ditemukan tumbuhan akar kuning. Kemudian dibuat plot berukuran 5 m x 5 m dan 2 m x 2 m secara  selang seling sebanyak 80 plot dengan luasan 0,2 ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi Fibraurea tinctoria di hutan Blok Release adalah 375 individu/ha dan 675 individu/ha, dimana tingkat semai lebih dominan daripada tingkat pancang (40 individu/ha dan 70 individu/ha). Adapun pola sebaran akar kuning menyebar secara seragam atau teratur. Tingkat asosiasi menggunakan indeks Ochiai (OI), menunjukkan nilai kekuatan asosiasi yang terbesar dimiliki oleh Shorea balangeran dan Mangifera similis (OI = 0,63), kehadiran Freycinetia angustifolia memiliki tingkat asosiasi rendah (OI = 0,48-0,23) dan tingkat asosiasi terendah (OI = < 0,22) dtemukan pada 17 jenis. Jenis tumbuhan yang berasosiasi terhadap Fibraurea tinctoria  adalah tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai bahan baku obat. Informasi mengenai populasi, sebaran dan pola sebaran, serta asosiasi akar kuning, diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar dalam pengelolaan akar kuning secara lestari di alam. Kata kunci: Potensi, Fibraurea tinctoria, hutan Blok Release