PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PADI SAWAH IRIGASI DI KABUPATEN WAJO, SULAWESI SELATAN - Andi Faisal Suddin; Idaryani Idaryani; Abdul Wahid Rauf; Amiruddin Syam (Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 2021)
The Effect of NPK Fertilizer on The Growth and Yield of Irrigated Paddy in Wajo District, South Sulawesi. Compound fertilizer (NPK) is an efficient inorganic fertilizer that can be used to increase the availability of macro nutrients (N, P, and K) to replace single fertilizers. The research objective was to determine the effect of SRF NPK 20-10-10 fertilizer on the growth and yield of lowland rice. The research was conducted on irrigated rice fields in Maniangpajo District, Wajo Regency, from December 2017-March 2018. The field experiment was arranged on a Randomized Complete Block Design  with 11 treatments and repeated three times. The treatments studied were P1 = Urea 200 kg ha-1+KCl 50 kg  ha-1 + NPK Phonska 200 kg ha-1 (based on recommendations), P2 = Urea 100 kg ha-1 + NPK Phonska 300 kg ha-1 (farmer dosage), P3 = Urea 100 kg ha-1 + NPK SRF 20-10-10 400 kg ha-1, P4 = Urea 50 kg ha-1 + NPK SRF 20-10-10 400 kg ha-1, P5 = NPK SRF 20-10-10 400 kg ha-1, P6 = Urea 100 kg ha-1 + NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P7 = Urea 50 kg ha-1 + NPK SRF 20-10- 10 300 kg ha-1, P8 = NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P9 = NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P10 = Urea 50 kg ha-1 + NPK SRF 20- 10-10 300 kg ha-1, P11 = NPK SRF 20-10-10 200 kg ha-1. The parameters observed were plant height (45 DAP, 60 DAP, and at harvest time), number of tillers (45 and 60 DAP) and productive tillers, number of panicles, number of filled grains, number of empty un hulled grains, weight of 1,000 grains, and crop yield. Data analysis using ANOVA followed by orthogonal contrast test and financial analysis of rice farming.  The results showed that the treatment of SRF NPK 20-10-10 fertilizer as much as 300 kg ha-1 gave the highest yield of lowland rice, namely 8.2 tonnes ha-1 and a profit of Rp. 23,800,000 ha-1 with  R/C ratio of 2.64 Keywords:   Rice, NPK fertilizer, lowland ABSTRAK            Pupuk majemuk (NPK) merupakan salah satu pupuk anorganik yang efisien yang  dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan  ketersediaan unsur hara makro (N, P, dan K) menggantikan pupuk tunggal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian  pupuk SRF NPK 20-10-10 terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi sawah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di  Kecamatan Maniangpajo, Kabupaten Wajo, dan  dilakukan di lahan sawah irigasi pada bulan Desember 2017-Maret 2018. Percobaan lapang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK=Randomize Complete Block Design) dengan 11   perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Perlakuan yang dikaji adalah P1= Urea 200 kg ha-1+KCl 50 kg/ha-1+NPK Phonska 200 kg ha-1 (berdasarkan rekomendasi), P2= Urea 100 kg ha-1+ NPK Phonska 300 kg ha-1 (cara petani), P3= Urea 100 kg ha-1+ NPK SRF 20-10-10 400 kg ha-1, P4= Urea 50 kg ha-1+ NPK SRF 20-10-10 400 kg ha-1,P5= NPK SRF 20-10-10 400 kg ha-1, P6= Urea 100 kg ha-1+ NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P7= Urea 50 kg ha-1+ NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P8= NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P9= NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P10= Urea 50 kg ha-1+ NPK SRF 20-10-10 300 kg ha-1, P11= NPK SRF 20-10-10 200 kg ha-1. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman (45 HST, 60 HST, dan saat panen), jumlah anakan (45 HST dan 60 HST) dan anakan produktif, jumlah malai, jumlah gabah isi, jumlah gabah hampa, bobot 1.000 butir, dan hasil gabah kering panen (GKP). Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji kontras ortogonal dan analisis finansial usahatani padi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan   pemberian pupuk SRF NPK 20-10-10 sebanyak 300 kg ha-1   memberikan hasil tertinggi pada    padi sawah, yaitu 8,2 ton ha-1 GKP dan keuntungan  sebesar Rp.  23.800.000 ha-1 dengan nilai R/C ratio 2,64  Kata kunci : Padi, pupuk   NPK,  sawah