Analisis Jarak Genetik Sapi Bali pada Tiga Kecamatan di Kabupaten Merangin Provinsi Jambi - A. S. Wilastra; Gushairiyanto Gushairiyanto; S. Erina; Depison Depison (Jurnal Peternakan, 2021)
ABSTRAK. Sapi potong merupakan salah satu ruminansia yang memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber protein hewani di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan harian, dan jarak genetik sapi Bali pada tiga Kecamatan di Kabupaten Merangin Provinsi Jambi. Materi penelitian adalah sapi Bali umur I1 (12-24 bulan), sebanyak 180 ekor yang terdiri dari 30 ekor jantan dan 30 ekor betina di setiap kecamatan. Metode penelitian adalah metode survei, teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel  sebanyak 180 ekor, yang terdiri dari 30 jantan dan 30 betina dan tidak dalam keadaan bunting. Data yang dihimpun meliputi bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan harian dan morfometrik di tiga kecematan. Data bobot badan, rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan dan morfometri dianalisis menggunakan uji beda rata-rata (uji-t). Vektor nilai rata rata morfometrik sapi Bali di tiga kecamatan dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik T2 Hotelling. Penciri ukuran dan bentuk tubuh sapi Bali dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama. Fungsi diskriminan dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis jarak genetik yang dapat membentuk pohon filogenetik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bobot badan, rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan dan morfometri sapi Bali di Kecamatan Pamenang dan Bangko berbeda tidak nyata (P> 0,05), sedangkan dengan kecamatan Margo Tabir berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan Kecamatan  Pamenang dan Bangko. Penciri ukuran dan bentuk sapi Bali di ketiga kecamatan adalah lingkar dada dan tinggi pundak. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah jarak genetik terjauh antara sapi Bali di Kecamatan Bangko dan Margo Tabir (2,6271), dikuti antara Kecamatan Pemenang dan Margo Tabir (2,1357), jarak genetik terdekat antara sapi Bali di Kecamatan Pamenang dan Bangko (0,5772).Analysis of the Genetic Distance of Bali Cattle in Three Districts in Merangin Regency, Jambi ProvinceABSTRACT. The beef cattle are one of the ruminants that have great potential in providing sources of animal protein in Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to determine the body weight, average daily gain, and genetic distance of Bali cattle in three sub-districts of Merangin district, Jambi Province. The research method was a survey method with purposive sampling technique, as many as 180 samples consisting of 30 males and 30 females in each sub-district and were not pregnant. Data collected include body weight, avarege daily gain and morphometrics between three sub-districs. The data body weight, avarege daily gain and morphometrics were analyzed using the average difference test (t-test). The average value vector body measurement of Bali catlle in three subdistrict was analyzed using the T2 Hotelling statistical test. The main component analysis statistical test was used to determine the characteristics of the body shape and size of Bali cattle. The discriminant function can be used to analyze genetic distances, which can form a phylogenetic tree. The results of this research indicate of body weight, average daily gain and morphometrics of Bali cattle in sub-district Pamenang not significantly different (P>0,05) from Bangko sub-district, but were significantly different (P<0.05) with Margo Tabir sub-district. The characteristics of the size and shape of Bali cattle in the three sub-districts are chest circumference and shoulder height. The conclusion from this research is the genetic distance between Bali cattle in Pamenang and Bangko Sub-districts (0.57), with Margo Tabir Sub-district (2.13), and genetic distance between Bangko sub-district and Margo Tabir sub-district (2.62).