POLITIK HUKUM PENGATURAN MENGENAI TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN NON PERFORMING LOAN PADA BANK DALAM MASA PANDEMIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONSEP BIFURKASI HUKUM - Reka Dewantara; Dien Nufitasari (Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum, 2021)
ABSTRAK Sektor keuangan termasuk perbankan secara unik rentan terhadap resesi akibat pandemik. Pinjaman kredit perbankan baik untuk kepentingan bisnis maupun konsumsi berada dalam ancaman karena struktur ekonomi sangat bergantung pada usaha kecil dan menengah. Risiko kredit dalam bentuk Non Performing Loan dalam kondisi pandemik pada Tahun 2020 akan mengancam likuiditas debitur bank. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis Politik Hukum Pengaturan mengenai tindakan pencegahan non performing loan pada perbankan dalam masa krisis covid-19 di Indonesia. Dengan metode yuridis normative, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Politik Hukum pengaturan tindakan pencegahan Non Performing Loan dalam bentuk kebijakan yang diterbitkan oleh Pemerintah, Bank Indonesia, dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan bertujuan menjaga keseimbangan antara tingkat kesehatan bank dengan kondisi ekonomi masyarakat. Pemerintah dan otoritas perbankan telah mengeluarkan Stimulus I dan II dalam bentuk kebijakan untuk mengantisipasi instabilitas ekonomi, yakni kebijakan procyclical dan countercyclical. Kebijakan tersebut harus didukungpemerintah melalui stimulus fiskal yang menjaga stabilitas ekonomi masyarakat dan Loan at Risk (LAR) untuk menjaga kesehatan bank. Politik hukum akan menentukan kebijakan yang akan dipilih inilah menyebabkan bifurkasi hukum, padahal kondisi membutuhkan penerapan salah satu norma yang akan dipilih terutama relaksasi perkreditan yang akan menyelamatkan kondisi keuangan debitur namun di sisi lain dapat mengganggu tingkat kesehatan bank melalui meningkatnya Loan at Risk (LAR). Kata kunci: non performing loan; pandemik; politik hukum. ABSTRACT The financial sector including banking is uniquely vulnerable to recession due to the pandemic. Bank credit loans for both business and consumption purposes are under threat because the economic structure is heavily dependent on small and medium enterprises. Credit risk in the form of Non-Performing Loans in this pandemic condition in 2020 will also threaten the liquidity of bank debtors. The purpose of writing this article is to describe and analyze the Political Law of Regulations Regarding Preventive Measures for Non-Performing Loans in Banks During the Covid-19 Crisis in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical, and the results showed that the legal policy of regulating non-performing loan preventive measures in the form of policies issued by the Government, Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority aims to maintain a balance between the soundness level of the bank and the economic conditions of the community. The government and banking authorities have issued Stimulus I and II in the form of policies to anticipate economic instability, namely procyclical and countercyclical policies. This policy must be supported by the government through a fiscal stimulus that maintains the economic stability of the community and a Loan at Risk (LAR) to maintain the health of the bank. Legal politics will determine the policy to be chosen which causes legal bifurcation, even though a condition requires the application of one of the norms to be chosen, especially in the field of credit relaxation which will save the debtor's financial condition but on the other hand can disrupt the soundness of the bank through increasing Loan at Risk. Keywords: non performing loan; pandemic;political law.