Dukungan dan Persepsi terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Komplikasi Kehamilan - Sriatmi, Ayun; Jati, Sutopo Patria; Budiyanti, Rani Tiyas (HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development), 2020)
ABSTRAK Tidak semua ibu peserta Kelas Ibu Hamil (KIH) melakukan praktik pencegahan komplikasi sesuai anjuran tenaga kesehatan. Ada kesenjangan persepsi dengan belum optimalnya praktik pencegahan komplikasi. Tujuan penelitian melihat pengaruh faktor dukungan dan persepsi terhadap perilaku pencegahan komplikasi peserta KIH. Merupakan studi kuantitatif berdesain cross-sectional. Populasi peserta KIH di Kota Semarang dengan sampel 120 orang. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, selanjutnya dianalisis secara parsial dan simultan dengan rank-spearman test dan regresi logistik berganda. Persepsi berhubungan dengan pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik. Dukungan fasilitator berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan dan sikap, namun tidak dengan praktik. Dukungan keluarga/masyarakat hanya berkorelasi dengan praktik. Sikap secara simultan dipengaruhi dukungan fasilitator dan pengetahuan (OR=1,444 dan OR=1,226), sedangkan praktik dipengaruhi dukungan keluarga/masyarakat (OR=2,239), persepsi (OR=1,540) dan dukungan fasilitator (OR=0,692). Sikap bukan pembentuk langsung praktik, karena lebih ditentukan persepsi yang terbentuk dari keikutsertaan KIH dan dukungan fasilitator. Persepsi dan dukungan mempengaruhi perilaku pencegahan komplikasi kehamilan. Dukungan keluarga/masyarakat adalah faktor pengaruh dominan sekaligus faktor penguat. Melalui sosialisasi, pendampingan dan konseling dari tenaga kesehatan, serta penguatan dari keluarga/masyarakat dapat meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan komplikasi kehamilan. ABSTRACT Not all mothers participating in Antenatal-Classes practiced the prevention of pregnancy complications according to the health worker’s advice. There was perception gap with the not yet optimal complication prevention practice. The study purpose was analysing the effect of supporting factors and perception to preventive behavior of complications. The quantitative study with cross-sectional design. Population was AC-participants in Semarang city with 120 samples. Data collected through interviews, analyzed partially and simultaneously with rank-spearman test and multiple logistic regression. Perception was related to knowledge, attitudes and practices. Facilitator support was correlated with knowledge and attitude. Family/community support only correlated with practices. Attitudes were simultaneously influenced by facilitator support and knowledge (OR=1.444 and OR=1.226), while practice was influenced by family/community support (OR=2.239), perception (OR=1.540) and facilitator support (OR=0.692). Practice was not directly caused by attitude, because it was determined more by perceptions that were formed from participation in AC and facilitator support. Perception and support influenced the complications preventive behavior. Family/community support were a dominant influencing and reinforcing factor. Through socialization, assistance and counseling from health workers and strengthening from family/community could improving the pregnancy complications preventive behavior. Keywords: Pregnancy complications, Health behavior, Antenatal Classes