Dental fear anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme terhadap perawatan gigi Dental fear in children with autism spectrum disorders - Sandy Dwiputra; Lisda Damayanti; Inne Suherna Sasmita (Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 2021)
Pendahuluan: Dental fear (DF) adalah reaksi emosional individu terhadap satu atau lebih rangsangan spesifik (bor gigi, jarum suntik) yang dianggap menakutkan selama perawatan gigi berlangsung atau suasana tempat praktek gigi secara umum. DF yang dialami anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA) dapat menimbulkan perilaku tidak kooperatif pada anak antara lain menangis, berteriak, menolak atau menghindari perawatan gigi. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan perawatan gigi menjadi terhambat, tertunda, bahkan tidak jadi dilakukan yang berakibat pada peningkatan resiko masalah gigi dan mulut. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui DF anak GSA terhadap perawatan gigi di Yayasan Biruku Kota Bandung. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah anak GSA yang pernah menerima perawatan gigi sebelumnya dan didampingi oleh orang tua selama menerima perawatan dengan jumlah 19 anak diperoleh menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) diisi oleh orang tua anak. Hasil: Rerata jumlah skor DF responden penelitian adalah 38,4. Tingkat DF tinggi ditemukan pada 7 anak (36,84%), DF sedang pada 5 anak (26,32%), DF rendah pada 7 anak (36,84%). Stimulus DF yang paling ditakuti oleh responden adalah ketika giginya dibor oleh dokter gigi (9,19%) sedangkan yang tidak ditakuti adalah ketika melihat orang berpakaian putih (4,12%). Simpulan: DF anak GSA terhadap perawatan gigi di Yayasan Biruku Kota Bandung berada dalam kategori sedang.Kata kunci: Anak gangguan spektrum autism; dental fear; perawatan gigi; children fear survey schedule-dental subscaleABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental fear (DF) is an individual's emotional reaction to one or more specific stimuli (dental drill, syringe) that is considered scary during dental treatment or the general atmosphere of the dental practice. DF experienced by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can cause uncooperative behaviour in children, including crying, screaming, refusing or avoiding dental treatment. This can cause dental care to be hampered, delayed, or even not done, resulting in an increased risk of dental and oral problems. This study aimed to determine the DF of ASD children on dental care at the Biruku Foundation, Bandung City. Methods: This type of research was descriptive with a cross-sectional method. The study sample was ACS children who had received previous dental treatment and were accompanied by their parents while receiving treatment, with a total of 19 children obtained using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) questionnaire filled out by the child's parents. Results: The mean total DF score of the research respondents was 38.4. High DF level was found in 7 children (36.84%), moderate DF in 5 children (26.32%), low DF in 7 children (36.84%). The most feared DF stimulus by the respondents was when their teeth were drilled by a dentist (9.19%), while what was not feared was when they saw people wearing white clothes (4.12%). Conclusion: The DF of GSA children towards dental care at the Biruku Foundation, Bandung City, is moderate.Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; children; dental fear; dental treatment; Children Fear Survey Schedule Dental Subscale