ANALISA LOGAM BERAT DALAM DAGING KERANG DARAH (Anadara granosa) DAN KERANG BULU (Anadara antiquata) ASAL PERAIRAN LAUT TELUK LEWOLEBA LEMBATA - Gerardus Diri Tukan; Gertreda Latumakulita; Guntildis Riantobi (Jurnal Kelautan, 2021)
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis logam-logam serta kadarnya di dalam sampel daging Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) dan Kerang Bulu (Anadara antiquata) asal laut teluk Lewoleba kabupaten Lembata propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur.  Kedua jenis kerang tersebut hidup di Pulau Siput (Awololong) yang ada di tengah kawasan laut Teluk Lewoleba.  Masyarakat Lembata menjadikan kedua jenis kerang tersebut sebagai lauk pauk serta sumber pendapatan ekonomi.   Perlu dilakukannya analisa cemaran logam berat di kawasan laut Teluk Lewoleba melalui kedua jenis kerang tersebut sebab aktivitas manusia telah semakin meningkat di kawasan teluk Lewoleba Lembata. Sebanyak 100 gram masing-masing sampel daging Kerang yang kering, didestruksi dan dianalisis kandungan unsur-unsur serta kadar unsur, menggunakan spektrofotometer X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu sampel Kerang Darah mengandung unsur-unsur serta kadarnya yakni: P (10%), S (12%), K (12%), Ca (23%), Cr (0,32%), Fe (2,6%), Ni (0,2%), Cu (0,62%), Zn (20,6%), Br (3,4%), Mo (14%) dan Yb (0,9%). Sampel Kerang Buluh mengandung;  P (11,0%), S (1,0%), K (11,7%), Ca (39,2%), Cr (0,62%), Fe (8,95%), Ni (0,4%), Cu (0,49%), Zn (2,4%), Br (1,4%), Mo (22%) dan Yb (0,3%) dan Re (0,5%). Tampak kedua jenis sampel mengandung logam berat esensial berupa Cu, Fe, Zn dan Ni, serta mengadung Cr yang bersifat toksik.  Kadar Cr pada sampel Kerang Buluh lebih tinggi dari Kerang Darah.  Sampel Kerang Buluh mengandung pula unsur Re yang merupakan jenis unsur tanah jarang. Kadar logam berat Cu, Ni dan Cr pada kedua sampel melampaui ambang batas menurut Keputusan Mentri Lingkungan Hidup Republik Indonesia nomor 51 tahun 2004Kata Kunci: daging kerang, logam berat, laut teluk LewolebaABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the types of metals and their levels in the samples of Blood Clams (Anadara granosa) and Feather Shells (Anadara antiquata) from the sea of Lewoleba Bay, Lembata district, East Nusa Tenggara province. Both types of shellfish live on Slug Island (Awololong) in the middle of the Lewoleba Bay marine area. The people of Lembata use the two types of shellfish as side dishes and a source of economic income. It is necessary to analyze heavy metal contamination in the marine area of Lewoleba Bay through these two types of shells because human activities have been increasing in the Lewoleba Bay area of Lembata. A total of 100 grams of each sample of dried mussel meat, was destroyed and analyzed for the content of elements and levels of elements, using an X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrophotometer. The results obtained were that the Blood Shellfish sample contained the following elements and levels: P (10%), S (12%), K (12%), Ca (23%), Cr (0.32%), Fe (2 .6%), Ni (0.2%), Cu (0.62%), Zn (20.6%), Br (3.4%), Mo (14%) and Yb (0.9%) . Reed Shells samples contain; P (11.0%), S (1.0%), K (11.7%), Ca (39.2%), Cr (0.62%), Fe (8.95%), Ni ( 0.4%), Cu (0.49%), Zn (2.4%), Br (1.4%), Mo (22%) and Yb (0.3%) and Re (0.5% ). It appears that both types of samples contain essential heavy metals in the form of Cu, Fe, Zn and Ni, and contain Cr which is toxic. The Cr content in the Reed Shells samples was higher than that of Blood Clams. The Reed Shells sample also contains the element Re which is a type of rare earth element. Heavy metal levels of Cu, Ni and Cr in both samples exceeded the threshold according to the Decree of the Minister of the Environment of the Republic of Indonesia number 51 of 2004. Keywords: mussel meat, heavy metal, Lewoleba bay sea