Implementasi Kebijakan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kota Banda Aceh - Nada Nafira Almanzani; Alfi Rahman; Saddam Rassanjani (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik, 2022)
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 99 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pengadaan Vaksin dan Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19) Pasal 13A ayat (2) menyatakan bahwa setiap orang yang telah ditetapkan sebagai sasaran penerima vaksin COVID-19 wajib mengikuti Vaksinasi COVID-19. Namun realitanya, banyak masyarakat Kota Banda Aceh yang enggan divaksin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi dan hambatan dari kebijakan vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis teori implementasi kebijakan Edward III yang meliputi komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan vaksinasi COVID-19 belum berjalan optimal ditandai dengan aspek kejelasan dan konsistensi komunikasi belum efektif, aspek sumber daya manusia, anggaran, sarana dan prasarana belum optimal, aspek SOP pada struktur birokrasi belum berjalan sebagaimana mestinya, serta terdapat delapan hambatan, diantaranya rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, keterpaparan terhadap hoax, keterbatasan petugas vaksinasi COVID- 19, insentif petugas vaksinasi COVID-19 yang belum memadai, dosis vaksinasi COVID-19 yang rusak, keraguan terhadap vaksin, aplikasi dan jaringan yang bermasalah, dan pelayanan vaksinasi COVID-19 yang tidak sesuai dengan SOP. Untuk itu diharapkan Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Banda Aceh, UPTD Puskesmas Kota Banda Aceh untuk lebih menggencarkan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi, meningkatkan kerja sama dengan lintas sektor, pemberian penghargaan kepada lansia yang sudah divaksin, penambahan SDM petugas vaksinasi COVID-19 dan penambahan sarana dan prasarana, perencanaan dan proses untuk mengalokasikan anggaran untuk tim vaksinasi COVID-19, dan menciptakan inovasi program satu keluarga satu lansia untuk meningkatkan cakupan vaksinasi lansia.Implementation of COVID-19 Vaccination Policy in Banda Aceh CityPresidential Regulation Number 99 of 2020 concerning Vaccine Procurement and Vaccination Implementation in the Context of Combating the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic Article 13A paragraph (2) states that everyone who has been designated as the target recipient of the COVID-19 vaccine must participate in the COVID-19 vaccination. 19. But in reality, many people in Banda Aceh City are reluctant to get vaccinated. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation and obstacles of the COVID-19 vaccination policy in Banda Aceh City. This study uses a qualitative approach by analyzing the theory of policy implementation by Edward III which includes communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination policy has not run optimally marked by aspects of clarity and consistency of communication that have not been effective, aspects of human resources, budget, facilities and infrastructure have not been optimal, aspects of SOPs in the bureaucratic structure have not worked properly, and there are eight obstacles, such as low community participation, exposure to hoaxes, limited COVID-19 vaccination officers, inadequate incentives for COVID-19 vaccination officers, defective COVID-19 vaccination doses, doubts about vaccines, problematic applications and networks, and COVID-19 vaccination services that do not comply with the SOP. For this reason, it is expected that the Banda Aceh Government, Banda Aceh City Health Office, Banda Aceh City Health Center UPTD to intensify counseling or socialization, increase cross-sectoral collaboration, give awards to the elderly who have been vaccinated, increase human resources for COVID-19 vaccination officers and increase facilities and infrastructure, planning and processes for allocating budgets for the COVID-19 vaccination team, and creating innovations for the one family one elderly program to increase vaccination coverage for the elderly.