Pola Tatalaksana Diare Akut pada Anak Usia 1-24 Bulan di Poliklinik Puskesmas Tanjung Pinang - Ivan Halim (Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 2015)
Latar Belakang: Diare merupakan penyebab kedua terbesar kematian anak berusia di bawah lima tahun. Akan tetapi, hanya 39% anak dengan diare di negara berkembang yang mendapatkan pengobatan sesuai rekomendasi WHO. Tujuan: Menilai pola tatalaksana diare akut pada anak Metode: Uji observasional dengan metode potong lintang secara prospektif di puskesmas rawat jalan Tanjung Pinang sejak 15 September 2013 – 15 Januari 2014 pada 91 pasien diare akut berumur 1-24 bulan yang berobat di poli rawat jalan. Hasil: Dari 91 anak, didapatkan 53 (58,3%) anak laki-laki, 81 (89%) anak diare tanpa dehidrasi, 10 (11%) anak dehidrasi ringan-sedang, dan tidak didapatkan dehidrasi berat. Rentang usia tertinggi pada usia 12-24 bulan, sebanyak 56 (61,5%) anak. Hanya 69 (75,8%) anak yang mendapatkan cairan rehidrasi oral, dan hanya 70 (76,9%) anak yang mendapatkan suplementasi zinc. Antibiotik digunakan pada 25 (27,5%) anak, dan antidiare pada 15 (16,5%) anak. Anjuran untuk melanjutkan makan seperti biasa pada 25 (27,5%) anak, yang mendapat anjuran untuk tetap melanjutkan susu formula sebanyak 4 (4,4%) anak; dari 42 anak yang menggunakan susu formula, semuanya tidak menggunakan susu formula khusus selama diare akut berlangsung. Informasi tanda kegawatan diberikan kepada 31 (34,1%) orang, dan pemberian probiotik pada 2 (2,2%) anak. Pemberian ASI hanya didapatkan pada 35 (38,5%) anak, dilanjutkan pada 18 (51,4%) anak, sedangkan 17 (48,6%) anak tidak mendapat anjuran mengenai pemberian ASI selama diare akut berlangsung. Background: Diarrhoea is the second biggest cause of death among children under five years. However, only 39% children with diarrhoea in developing countries managed with WHO recommended treatments. Objective: To evaluate the management acute diarrhoea in children. Method: Research with consecutive cross-sectional methods was done in Tanjung Pinang public health centre, Riau Islands province on 91 children (1 -24 months) with acute diarrhoea who came to Tanjung Pinang public health centre from September 15th 2013 until January 15th 2014. Result: From 91 children, 53 (58,3%) are male, 81 (89%) children had diarrhoea without dehydration, 10 (11%) children with mild-moderate dehydration, and none had severe dehydration. Most children are 12-24 months of age, total of 56 children (61,5%). Only 69 (75,8%) children got oral rehydration fluid, and 70 (76,9%) children got zinc supplementation. Antibiotics was used in 25 (27,5%) children, and anti-diarrhoea was used in 15 (16,5%) children. Nutritional advice was found only in 25 (27,5%) children, advice to continue cow milk consumption was found in 4 (4,4%) children, and from 42 children who used cow milk, none was recommended to use special formula milk during acute diarrhoea. Information on sign of emergency was given to 31 (34,1%) children, and probiotics use was found in 2 (2,2%) children. Breastfeeding found in 35(38,5%) children, only 18 (51,4%) were recommended to continue breastfeeding while diarrhoea occur, and 17 (48,6%) children were not recommended to continue breastfeeding while diarrhoea occur. Conclusion: Management of acute diarrhoea in Tanjung Pinang public health centre do not conform with WHO guidelines.