Posisi tulang hyoid berdasarkan relasi skeletal ditinjau dari radiograf sefalometriPosition of the hyoid bone based on different skeletal pattern using cephalometric radiographs - Ni Wayan Nanda Prasanthi; Ria Noerianingsih Firman; Farina Pramanik (Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students, 2022)
ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Tulang hyoid terletak di anterior midline dari leher, berada dibawah mandibula serta terhubung dengan kranium melalui perlekatan otot. Relasi skeletal yang terdiri dari kelas I, II, dan III memiliki variasi hubungan maksila dan mandibula terhadap basis kranium, sehingga dapat memengaruhi posisi dari tulang hyoid. Hal ini dapat ditinjau dari radiograf sefalometri dengan metode segitiga hyoid. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui posisi tulang hyoid berdasarkan relasi skeletal ditinjau dari radiograf sefalometri. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan populasi penelitian 65 radiograf sefalometri pasien berdasarkan relasi skeletal tahun 2018-2019 di Program Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Spesialis (PPDGS) Ortodonti FKG Unpad yang memiliki keterangan Analisis Steiner dan gambaran titik C3 (Servikal ke-3), H (Hyoid), dan RGn (Retrognati) terlihat jelas, serta tidak menggunakan alat ortodonti. Hasil: Posisi Tulang Hyoid berdasarkan Metode Segitiga Hyoid terdapat segitiga positif 68% pada relasi skeletal kelas I, 53,12 % pada relasi skeletal kelas II dan 62,5% pada relasi skeletal kelas III. Posisi tulang hyoid berdasarkan jarak H-C3 pada relasi skeletal kelas II didapatkan rerata jarak terkecil yaitu 34,51 mm. Simpulan: Posisi tulang hyoid pasien berdasarkan relasi skeletal bervariasi namun lebih banyak berada di atas garis C3-RGn dan membentuk segitiga positif serta untuk rerata jarak tulang H-C3 pada relasi skeletal kelas II memiliki rerata jarak terkecil dibandingkan pada relasi skeletal kelas I dan III.Kata kunci: tulang hyoid; skeletal; radiograf; sefalometri ABSTRACT Introduction: The hyoid bone located in the anterior midline of the neck at the inferior edge of mandibular border and its connected to the cranium through muscles attachment. Skeletal pattern which consist of class I,II,and III have variations  relationship of the maxilla and mandible relative to the cranial base which affects the position of the hyoid bone. This can be viewed by cephalometric radiographs  using hyoid triangle method. Methods: This research was descriptive study and conducted 65 chepalometric radiographs of patients with different skeletal pattern from 2018-2019 at PPDGS Orto FKG Unpad with Steiner’s Analysis, had clear vision of  reference points C3 (Third Cervical) ,H(Hyoid) ,RGn (Retrognation), not using orthodontic appliances. The purpose of this study was to examine hyoid bone position based on different skeletal pattern using cephalometric radiographs.  Results: The position of hyoid bone based on Hyoid Triangle Method showed there were 68% positive triangle in skeletal class I, 53.12% in skeletal class II, 62.5% in skeletal class III. The position of hyoid bone based on the distance of H-C3 in skeletal class II had the smallest average distance (34.51 mm). Factors that influenced the hyoid position, such as variation of the cervical spine curvature and slight changes in the head. Conclusions: The Position of the hyoid bone in patients with different skeletal pattern were varied but most of them placed above the C3-RGn line, so it formed a positive triangle and for the average distance from H to C3 in skeletal class II had the smallest average distance than skeletal class I and class III. Keywords: hyoid bone; skeletal; radiograph; cephalometry