Formulasi Sediaan Patch Transdermal Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) sebagai Antipiretik terhadap Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) - Awaluddin, Nurhikma; Wahyuni, Wahyuni; Alyidrus, Rugayyah; Awaluddin, Akbar; Awaluddin, Sri Wahyuni; Rustam, Julaiha (Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES, 2022)
Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) contains oxalic acid, potassium, phenols and flavonoids which are thought to be active antibacterial compounds. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely distributed in nature, including flavonols, flavones, flavanones, and catechins. This study aims to determine whether the ethanol extract of starfruit fruit can be formulated into a transdermal patch that is physically and chemically stable, to find out how effective the antipyretic is on rats (Rattus norvegicus). This research was a laboratory experimental study, which used three variations of concentration, namely 1%, 3%, 5% and two controls (-) which was a transdermal patch preparation without ethanol extract and control (+), namely the bye-bye fever patch. The results of the study stated that the formula without extract or control (-) did not have antipyretic effectiveness, for the control (+) it was effective in reducing fever in the 75th minute with a temperature of 35.1oC, at a concentration of 1% it was effective in reducing fever in the 105th minute with a temperature of 36,7oC, at a concentration of 3% was effective in reducing fever in the 120th minute with a temperature of 360C, and at a concentration of 5% it was most effective in reducing fever in the 75th minute with a temperature of 35.10C. It was concluded that the ethanol extract of starfruit fruit can be formulated into a physically and chemically stable transdermal patch preparation, and the transdermal patch preparation has antipyretic effectiveness against rats and at the most effective concentration for reducing the rat's body temperature was 5%.Keywords: starfruit fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi); transdermal patches; antipyretic ABSTRAK                                                                                              Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) mengandung asam oksalat, kalium, fenol dan flavonoid yang diduga merupakan senyawa aktif antibakteri. Flavonoid merupakan senyawa polifenol yang tersebar luas di alam, termasuk di dalamnya adalah flavonol, flavon, flavanon, dan katekin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh dapat diformulasi menjadi sediaan patch transdermal yang stabil secara fisika dan kimia, untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas antipiretik terhadap tikus (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental laboratorium, yang menggunakan tiga variasi konsentrasi yaitu 1%, 3%, 5% dan dua kontrol takni kontrol (-) merupakan sediaan patch transdermal tanpa ekstrak etanol dan kontrol (+) yaitu patch bye-bye fever. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa formula tanpa ekstrak atau kontrol (-) tidak memiliki efektivitas antipiretik, untuk kontrol (+) efektif menurukan demam pada menit ke 75 dengan suhu 35,1oC, pada konsentrasi 1% efektif menurunkan demam pada menit ke 105 dengan suhu 36,70C, pada konsentrasi 3% efektif menurunkan demam pada menit ke 120 dengan suhu 360C, dan pada konsentrasi 5% paling efektif menurunkan demam pada menit ke 75 dengan suhu 35,10C. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan patch transdermal yang stabil secara fisika dan kimia, dan sediaan patch transdermal memiliki efektivitas antipiretik terhadap tikus dan pada konsentrasi paling efektif untuk menurunkan suhu tubuh tikus adalah 5%.Kata kunci: buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi); patch transdermal; antipiretik