Media Terkondisi Sel Punca Mesenkim Wharton’s Jelly Mempercepat Penyembuhan Ulkus Tikus Diabetik strain Wistar - Ferry Arrochman; Ance Imelda Betaubun; Rakhma Tri Ifanti; Ummi Rinandari; Mardiana; Achmad Satya Negara; Wibisono Nugraha; Nurrachmat Mulianto; Indah Julianto (Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, 2020)
Pendahuluan: Ulkus diabetik merupakan bentuk kegagalan proses penyembuhan luka normal. Media terkondisi sel punca mesenkim Wharton’s jelly meningkatkan transkripsi m-RNA dari TGF-β2, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, dan plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 genes pada fibroblas kulit yang berhubungan dengan penyembuhan luka. Tujuan: Meneliti efektivitas media terkondisi sel punca mesenkim Wharton’s jelly terhadap kecepatan penyembuhan ulkus pada tikus diabetik strain Wistar. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Penelitian di laboratorium bagian Farmasi Universitas Setia Budi (USB) Surakarta menggunakan 18 ekor hewan coba tikus strain Wistar yang dibuat luka di area punggung atas, dibagi 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 diberi gel astaxanthin, kelompok 2 diberi media terkondisi sel punca mesenkim Wharton’s jelly. Perlakuan selama 14 hari. Uji visual menggunakan metode fotografi, luas ulkus diukur menggunakan software image J, persentase penyembuhan ulkus dihitung menggunakan rumus wound closure. Pengamatan dilakukan di hari ke-0, 7, 10, dan 14. Analisis perbedaan rata-rata luas ulkus menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Berdasarkan luas ulkus dengan perhitungan Image J, didapatkan perbedaan signifikan pada hari ke-7 (p=0,041), hari ke-10 (p= 0,000), dan pada hari ke-14 (p= 0,000) Pada perhitungan menggunakan rumus wound closure dan data Image J, didapatkan perbedaan signifikan, pada kelompok 2 sebagian besar ulkus sudah menutup sempurna di hari ke-7, sedangkan pada kelompok 1 (kontrol) ulkus paling cepat menutup di hari ke-14 dan sebagian besar ulkus belum sembuh di hari ke14. Simpulan: Media terkondisi sel punca mesenkim Wharton’s jelly efektif mempercepat penyembuhan ulkus pada tikus diabetik strain Wistar. Introduction: Diabetic ulcer is a sign of wound healing failure. Wharton’s Jelly enhance m-RNA transcription of TGF-β2, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 genesin skin fibroblast related to wound healing process. Objective: To prove the effectivity of Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media on ulcer healing rate in diabetic Wistar rats. Method: A laboratory experimental study with randomized pretest-posttest control group design. This study was conducted at the Pharmacy Laboratory of Setia Budi University Surakarta on 18 Wistar strain rats divided into 2 groups. All rats were injured on upper back area. Group 1 was treated with Astaxanthin gel. Group 2 was treated with Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media, for 14 days. Visual test was performed using the photographic method and ulcer area was measured using image J software; the percentage of ulcer healing was calculated with wound closure formula. Observations were made on days 0,7th,10th, and 14th. Analysis used Mann-Whitney test for data with normal distribution. Results: Wound closure on day 7th (p= 0.000), on day 10th (p= 0.000), on day 14th (p= 0.004) was significantly better in group 2. Based on ulcer area data with Image J software, the difference on day 7th (p= 0.041), on day 10th (p= 0.000), on day 14th (p=0.000) were significant. The ulcer healing rate is a significantly different between groups. In Wharton’s jelly group, most ulcers has closed completely in day 7th, while in astaxanthin group, most ulcer hasn’t closed until day 14th. Conclusion: Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media, compared to astaxanthin, accelerate the healing rate of diabetic ulcers in Wistar strain rats.