REFORMULASI PENGATURAN EMERGENCY LIQUIDITY ASSISTANCE (ELA) OLEH BANK SENTRAL DALAM PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN PERMASALAHAN LIKUIDITAS SEKTOR PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA - Adam Adi Prawira (Brawijaya Law Student Journal, 2023)
Adam Adi Prawira, Reka Dewantara, Cyndiarnis Cahyaning Putri Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya Jl. MT. Haryono No. 169 Malang e-mail: adamprawira12@gmail.com Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis dan mengkaji urgensi pengaturan penyaluran Emergency Liquidity Assistance (ELA) oleh bank sentral dalam pencegahan dan penanganan permasalahan likuiditas sektor perbankan di Indonesia, serta (2) menganalisis, mengkaji, dan menemukan pengaturan dan konsep Emergency Liquidity Assistance (ELA) yang ideal dalam pencegahan dan penanganan permasalahan likuiditas sektor perbankan di Indonesia. Pilihan rumusan masalah tersebut dilatarbelakangi oleh isu hukum berupa ketidaklengkapan norma terkait pengaturan fasilitas pembiayaan Emergency Liquidity Assistance (ELA) oleh bank sentral. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan historis, dan pendekatan perbandingan. Bahan hukum (primer, sekunder, tersier) yang ditelusuri penulis melalui studi kepustakaan dianalisis menggunakan penafsiran gramatikal, penafsiran sistematis, dan penafsiran preskriptif. Hasil penelitian pertama mendeskripsikan bahwa, urgensi pengaturan Emergency Liquidity Assistance (ELA) oleh bank sentral dalam pencegahan dan penanganan permasalahan likuiditas sektor perbankan di Indonesia dapat ditinjau dari perspektif filosofis, sosiologis, historis, dan yuridis. Dan hasil penelitian kedua menemukan bahwa, pengaturan konsep Emergency Liquidity Assistance (ELA) di Indonesia sudah terakomodasi di dalam fasilitas PLJP. Namun, terdapat ketidaklengkapan norma berupa belum diaturnya aspek confidentiality data dari bank peminjam serta prosedur pengawasan kepada Bank Indonesia selaku otoritas yang berwenang dalam penyaluran PLJP. Penulis merekomendasikan untuk dilakukan ekstensifikasi pengaturan terhadap kedua aspek tersebut di dalam UU PPSK dan PBI PLJP. Negara Amerika Serikat digunakan sebagai model best practices dalam rekomendasi reformulasi pengaturan kedua aspek tersebut. Kata kunci: bank sentral, bantuan likuiditas darurat, sektor perbankan Abstract This research aims to (1) analyze and study the urgency of the regulation concerning Emergency Liquidity Assistance (henceforth referred to as ELA) by the central bank to prevent and cope with liquidity issues in the banking sector in Indonesia, and (2) analyze, study, and investigate the ideal regulation and concept of ELA to help prevent and handle liquidity matters in the banking sector in Indonesia. This research topic departs from the incompleteness of the norm regarding the regulation of the lending facility of ELA by the central bank. This research employed a normative and legal method and statutory, historical, and comparative approaches. Primary, secondary, and tertiary materials were analyzed based on library research and grammatical, systematic, and prescriptive interpretations. The research results reveal that this matter can be seen from philosophical, sociological, historical, and juridical perspectives. Moreover, the concept of ELA in Indonesia has been facilitated by PLJP, but the norm has still been incomplete, where the aspect of confidentiality data from the bank and the procedures involved in the monitoring over Bank Indonesia as the authority in providing PLJP are not regulated yet. This research suggests that extensification of the regulation regarding these two aspects in Law concerning PPSK and the Regulation of Bank Indonesia concerning PLJP be performed. To compare, the US refers to the best practices model for the recommendation of the reformulation of the regulation of the two aspects concerned. Keywords: central bank, emergency liquidity assistance, banking sector