EFEKTIVITAS PASAL 4 POJK NOMOR 18/POJK.03/2016 TENTANG MANAJEMEN RISIKO KREDIT DAN RISIKO OPERASIONAL UNTUK MENCEGAH KREDIT MACET (STUDI DI PT BANK PERMATA TBK KANTOR PUSAT) - Einggrietya Nolla Permatasari (Brawijaya Law Student Journal, 2023)
Einggrietya Nolla Permatasari, Reka Dewantara, Ranitya Ganindha Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya Jl. MT. Haryono No. 169 Malang e-mail: nollaep@student.ub.ac.id Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang efektivitas Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (POJK) No.18 Tahun 2016 yang mewajibkan bank untuk menerapkan manajemen risiko kredit operasional guna mencegah kredit macet. Berdasarkan data yang ada rasio Non Performing Loan (NPL) Bank Permata mengalami kenaikan pada tahun 2019 hingga tahun 2021. Terdapat pula kasus kredit macet oleh PT MJPL di Bank Permata yang disebabkan oleh kredit fiktif. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, skripsi ini mengakaji: (1) Efektivitas pasal 4 POJK No.18/POJK.03/2016 tentang manajemen risiko kredit dan risiko operasional untuk mencegah kredit macet pada PT Bank Permata? (2) hambatan dalam penerapan pasal 4 POJK No.18/POJK.03/2016 pada PT Bank Permata? dan (3) Bagaimana upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan pada PT Bank Permata? Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empiris dengan mendapatkan data penelitian pada Bank Permata Kantor Pusat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Efektivitas dari manajemen risiko kredit dan risiko operasional Bank Permata sudah berjalan dengan baik apabila dilihat dari sisi substansi hukum dan struktur hukum. Namun Kultur hukum yang ada di Bank Permata belum optimal. Hambatan timbul dari kebijakan internal Bank Permata mengenai prinsip 5C & analisa 3pilar yang tidak diterapkan secara keseluruhan, pandemi Covid-19, kurangnya itikad baik nasabah, kelalaian karyawan Bank Permata, dan kurang optimalnya sistem monitoring. Selanjutnya upaya yang dilakukan Bank Permata untuk mengatasi hambatan yaitu melakukan penyelamatan kredit sesui kebijakan internal dan POJK, mengkaji proposal kredit, dan menjalankan program Budaya Sadar Risiko. Kata kunci: Manajemen Risiko, Risiko Kredit, Risiko Operasional, Bank, POJK No.18 tahun 2016 Abstract This research investigates the effectiveness of the Regulation of Financial Services Authority (henceforth referred to as POJK) Number18 of 2016 which requires banks to implement credit and operational risk management to prevent the potential of non-performing loans. The data shows that the non-performing loans (NPL) in Bank Permata rose from 2019 to 2021. Non-performing loans by PT MJPL in Bank Permata due to fictitious credits are also obvious. Departing from this issue, this research aims to investigate: (1) the effectiveness of Article 4 of POJK Number18/POJK.03/2016 concerning Credit&Operational Risk Management to prevent non-performing loans in PT Bank Permata (2) the impeding factors in the implementation of Article 4 of POJK Number18/POJK.03/2016 in PT Bank Permata and (3) measures taken to cope with the impeding factors in PT Bank Permata. This research employs an empirical legal method involving direct observation in the headquarters of Bank Permata. The results reveal that credit and operational risk management in PT Bank Permata has been effectively performed in terms of the legal substantive matter and legal structure. However, the legal culture in the bank concerned has not yet been optimal. It also faces hindrances, where the former involves the bank’s internal policy regarding the regulations of credit analysis with 5Cprinciples & three-pillar analysis that is not comprehensively implemented, the outbreak of Covid-19, lack of good faith of bank clients, negligence of the bank staff, and poor monitoring system. The bank is on its way to fixing the issues by referring to the internal policy and adjusting to the latest POJK. Furthermore, credit proposals will also need to be reviewed, and risk awareness needs to be encouraged. Keywords: risk management, credit risk, operational risk, bank, POJK No. 18 of 2016