PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT ADAT (INDIGENOUS PEOPLE) DALAM TRADE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER EUROPEAN UNION – MERCOSUR FREE TRADE AGREEMENT - Muhammad Arvin Setiawan (Brawijaya Law Student Journal, 2023)
Muhammad Arvin, Sukarmi, Rika Kurniaty Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya Jl. MT. Haryono No. 169 Malang e-mail: arvinsetiawan@student.ub.ac.id AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui wujud perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat adat (indigenous people) dalam Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement dan model pengaturan terkait masyarakat adat dalam Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement yang ideal. Jenis penelitian hukum ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif. Selain itu, penelitian menggunakan 3 jenis pendekatan penelitian yaitu peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan sejarah (historical approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan menggunakan metode penafsiran gramatikal dan metode penafsiran komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement masih banyak kelemahan dalam melindungi masyarakat adat sehingga tidak dapat memberikan posisi yang kuat bagi masyarakat adat dalam mempertahankan hak-haknya, khususnya dalam ruang lingkup tanah, wilayah, dan sumber daya milik masyarakat adat. Prinsip-prinsip penting yaitu self-determination, self-governmental, Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC), serta prinsip lainnya, diabaikan oleh Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement.Kata Kunci: perlindungan hukum, masyarakat adat (indigenous people), Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter, European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement AbstractThis research aims to find out the legal protection of indigenous people in the Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement and an ideal regulatory Model related to indigenous people in Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement. This research employed a normative-juridical method and statutory, historical, and conceptual approaches. The research materials were analyzed using grammatical and comparative interpretations. The research results show that Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement has many weaknesses, making it fail to fully protect indigenous people. Thus, it also fails to ensure indigenous people maintain their rights. Several important principles such as self-determination, self-governmental, free, prior, and informed consent, and other principles are overlooked by Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement. Keywords: legal protection, indigenous people, Trade and Sustainable Development Chapter, European Union – Mercosur Free Trade Agreement