VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI GENOTIPIK SIFAT-SIFAT PENTING TANAMAN WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.) - SUDARMADJI SUDARMADJI; RUSIM MARDJONO; HADI SUDARMO (Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri, 2007)
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan pengujian terhadap genotip-genotip hasilpersilangan tanaman wijen, dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasimengenai variasi genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi genotipik beberapa sifatpenting hasil persilangan tanaman wijen. Penelitian dilakukan di KebunPercobaan Pasirian, Lumajang, Jawa Timur pada bulan April 2002 –Agustus 2003. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelom-pok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagianbesar sifat yang diamati mempunyai variasi genetik yang cukup besar, (2)nilai heritabilitas (dalam arti luas) tinggi terdapat pada sifat tinggi tanaman,umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah cabang per tanaman, jumlah polongper tanaman, panjang polong, berat 1000 biji, dan hasil biji per hektar,sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi pada generasi awal, dan(3) korelasi genotipik terhadap hasil biji per hektar terjadi pada sifat tinggitanaman dan berat 1000 biji pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 13, sedangkanpada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 22, dan Sbr 1 X Si 26 terjadi korelasi genotipikantara hasil biji per hektar dengan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah cabang pertanaman.Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., persilangan, genotip, variasigenetik, heritabilitas, korelasi genotipik, pertumbuhan, hasil,Jawa TimurABSTRACTGenetic variations, heritability and genotypic correlationsof important characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicumL.)The experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic variations,heritability, and genotypic correlations of important characteristics ofsesame. The experiment was located at Pasirian Research Station,Lumajang, East Java from April 2002 – August 2003. Randomized blockdesign with three replications was used in the experiment. The result of theexperiment showed that: (1) generally, the genetic variations for all traitswere high enough, (2) the heritability values (in broad sense) on plantheight, flowering time, harvest time, number of branches per plant, numberof pods per plant, length of pods, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield perhectare were high, indicating that the inheritance of these traits were simpleinheritance and selection can be performed in early generation, and (3) inSbr 1 X Si 13 crosses, plant height and 1000-seeed weight had genotypiccorrelation with grain yield per hectare, then plant height and number ofbranches per plant had genotypic correlation with grain yield per hectare inSbr 1 X Si 22, and Sbr 1 X Si 26 crosses.Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., crossing, genotype, geneticvariations, heritability, genotypic correlation, growth, yield,East Jav