HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI INDONESIA PASCA-ORDE BARU: PERTARUNGAN ISLAMISM VERSUS CIVIL ISLAM - Sholeh, Moh (AKADEMIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 2012)
Tulisan ini mencoba memberikan gambaran mengenai kondisi HAM di Indonesia pasca orde baru sekaligus memetakan titik singgung dan titik pisah diskursus HAM di antara golongan anti-barat (Islamism) dan pro-barat (civil- Islam). Dua golongan Islam Indonesia ini akan dijelaskan secara rigid berdasarkan teori-teori hasil temuan penelitian pemerhati Islam Indonesia. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa diskursus HAM Pasca-Orba mengalami pergeseran dari HAM ala militerisme ke HAM yang berkaitan dengan masalah agama. Melalui pendekatan historis rangkaian temuan tulisan ini membawa pada kesimpulan teoretik, bahwa, untuk kasus Islam Indonesia, breeding ground utama Islamism adalah negara yang lemah. Kaum Islamism tumbuh kuat manakala kontrol negara terhadap keamanan, sosial, keagamaan, kemasyarakatan, ekonomi dan politik, melemah. Sebaliknya, lahan subur bagi Civil Islam yaitu, negara otoriter. pada saat negara dengan sangat tangguhnyamengontrol ekonomi, social, budaya, sipil dan politik. This paper tries to give an overview about the condition of human rights in Indonesia after the new order and map the tangent point and the point of separating human rights discourse between the anti-Western (Islamism) and pro-Western (civil-Islam). The two Islamic groups in Indonesia will be described rigidly in line with the existing theories as the results of the research findings on Islam within Indonesia contexts. This study found that the discourse of human rights after the new order regime underwent a shift from human rights which are connected to militarism to human rights with regard to religion issue. Through the historical approach of this paper's findings led to the conclusion that the theory, in the case of Islam Indonesia, the main breeding ground of Islamism is a weak country. The Islamism grows stronger when the state control of security, social, religious, societal, political, and economic are weak. In contrast, fertile ground for an Islamic civil an authoritarian country. It is a strong country which has powerful control the economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights.