PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI - Nurul Alfiah; Wiwik Widiyanti; Ratnawaty Marginingsih; Isnurrini Hidayat Susilowati (Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING), 2024)
ABSTRAK Kondisi perekonomian suatu negara tidak selalu stabil, seperti yang terjadi di Indonesia yang mengalami penurunan signifikan akibat wabah COVID-19. Pandemi ini berdampak pada berbagai sektor, terutama transportasi, karena pembatasan perjalanan yang diberlakukan pemerintah. Akibatnya, banyak perusahaan mengalami kesulitan keuangan hingga kebangkrutan. Financial distress atau kesulitan keuangan merupakan kondisi penurunan keuangan yang terjadi pada perusahaan secara terus-menerus. Kondisi ini biasanya ditandai dengan kerugian dan ketidakmampuan perusahaan untuk membayar kewajibannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan leverage terhadap financial distress. Populasi penelitian adalah perusahaan sub sektor transportasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2019 hingga 2022. Sampel terdiri dari 11 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria, dipilih menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Financial distress diukur menggunakan model Altman Z-score Modifikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan program SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan leverage berpengaruh terhadap financial distress. Namun, Secara parsial profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress, sedangkan likuiditas dan leverage berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap financial distress. Kata Kunci: Financial Distress, Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage. ABSTRACT The economic condition of a country is not always stable, as evidenced by Indonesia's significant decline due to the COVID-19 outbreak. This pandemic has impacted various sectors, especially transportation, due to travel restrictions imposed by the government. As a result, many companies have experienced financial difficulties and even bankruptcy. Financial distress is a condition of continuous financial decline that occurs in a company. This condition is usually characterized by losses and the company's inability to pay its obligations. This study aims to empirically examine the effects of profitability, liquidity, and leverage on financial distress. The research population consists of transportation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2022. The sample comprises 11 companies that meet the criteria, selected using a non-probability sampling technique with the purposive sampling method. Financial distress is measured using the Modified Altman Z-score model. This study uses a quantitative approach, and data analysis is performed using multiple linear regression with the SPSS 26 program. The results show that simultaneously, profitability, liquidity, and leverage affect financial distress. However, partially, profitability does not affect financial distress, while liquidity and leverage have a negative and significant effect on financial distress.