WASIAT MELEBIHI SEPERTIGA HARTA WARISAN AKIBAT ADANYA AHLI WARIS DZAWIL ARHAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM - Rosyida, Safira; Nugraheni, Destri (al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH), 2024)
Terdapat dasar pertimbangan dan amar putusan yang berbeda antara putusan Pengadilan Agama Bantaeng No. 329/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Batg jo Putusan PTA Makassar No. 82/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Mks jo Putusan MA No. 34K/Pdt.G/2022 yang berkaitan dengan bagian ahli waris dzawil arham ketika pewaris meninggalkan wasiat yang melebihi 1/3 dari harta warisan. Hukum kewarisan Islam di Indonesia dalam KHI maupun yurisprudensi, belum mengatur secara jelas kedudukan ahli waris dzawil arham serta bagiannya ketika tidak ada ahli waris dzawil furudh dan ashabah, serta bagiannya ketika pewaris meninggalkan wasiat yang melebihi 1/3 harta warisan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan ahli waris dzawil arham dalam perspektif hukum kewarisan Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif karena didominasi analisis terhadap data sekuder meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kedudukan ahli waris dzawil arham beserta bagiannya tidak secara spesifik ditegaskan dalam KHI dan Buku II MA. Putusan PA Bantaeng No. 329/Pdt.G/2020/PA hanya mempertimbangkan tentang pemberian wasiat kepada lembaga keagamaan yang melebihi sepertiga dari harta warisan yang tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 201 KHI. Putusan PTA Makassar No. 82/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Mks lebih mengadopsi pendapat Abu Hanifah dan Imam Ahmad yang memberikan hak waris kepada ahli waris dzawil arham ketika tidak terdapat ahli waris dzawil furudh dan ashabah, sedangkan Putusan MA No. 34K/Pdt.G/2022 menguatkan putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Makassar.    There are different basic considerations and rulings between the decisions of the Bantaeng Religious Court No. 329/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Batg in conjunction with Makassar PTA Decision No. 82/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Mks in conjunction with Supreme Court Decision No. 34K/Pdt.G/2022 which relates to the share of dzawil arham heirs when the testator leaves a will that exceeds 1/3 of the inheritance. Islamic inheritance law in Indonesia in KHI and jurisprudence does not clearly regulate the position of dzawil arham heirs and their share when there are no dzawil furudh and ashabah heirs, as well as their share when the heir leaves a will that exceeds 1/3 of the inheritance. This study aims to determine the position of dzawil arham heirs in the perspective of Islamic inheritance law. This type of research is normative juridical research because it is dominated by analysis of secondary data including primary and secondary legal materials. The research results show that the position of the heirs of dzawil arham and their shares is not specifically confirmed in the KHI and Book II of the MA. Bantaeng PA Decision No. 329/Pdt.G/2020/PA only considers granting a will to a religious institution that exceeds one third of the inheritance which is not in accordance with the provisions of Article 201 KHI. Makassar PTA Decision No. 82/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Mks adopts the opinion of Abu Hanifah and Imam Ahmad which emphasizes the heirs of dzawil arham when there are no heirs of dzawil furudh and ashabah and Supreme Court Decision No. 34k/Pdt.G/2022 strengthens the decision of the Makassar Religious High Court.