Hubungan Sanitasi Lingkungan di Daerah Pinggiran Sungai dengan Stunting pada Balita (Studi di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat Kabupaten Banjar) - Akbar, Muhammad Rizqan Alfitri; Herawati, Herawati; Santi, Eka (Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 2025)
Latar belakang: Kondisi stunting menggambarkan hambatan perkembangan tubuh akibat asupan nutrisi yang tidak mencukupi, dengan periode kritis sejak kandungan sampai anak berumur dua tahun. Persoalan kesehatan ini menjadi perhatian dunia yang mendesak, khususnya di Indonesia, dimana di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Kabupaten Banjar masih mencatat angka kejadian yang besar. Terdapat keterkaitan yang kuat antara masalah gizi dengan sanitasi lingkungan. Kondisi sanitasi lingkungan buruk pada daerah pinggiran sungai berpotensi mengakibatkan bermacam penyakit yang mengganggu tumbuh kembang balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan sanitasi lingkungan di daerah pinggiran sungai terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita dalam wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat Kabupaten Banjar.Metode: Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan observasional analitik melalui rancangan cross sectional, dengan keseluruhan responden berjumlah 43 orang yang ditetapkan menggunakan teknik total sampling dari populasi yang ada. Variabel dikaji dengan melakukan observasi melalui lembar observasi sanitasi lingkungan dan pengukuran antropometri melalui z-score (TB/U), variabel tersebut meliputi: sanitasi lingkungan di daerah pinggiran sungai dan stunting pada balita. Setelah data terkumpul, dilakukan tabulasi dan analisis menggunakan uji Rank Spearman.Hasil: Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang tidak sehat pada kebanyakan responden, sementara sebagian besar balita terdeteksi mengalami stunting. Melalui uji korelasi Spearman diperoleh hubungan bermakna (p-value 0,020) yang menghubungkan sanitasi lingkungan di daerah pinggiran sungai terhadap munculnya stunting pada balita dalam wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Kabupaten Banjar.Simpulan: Hasil akhir penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang terkait antara sanitasi lingkungan pada daerah pinggiran sungai dengan stunting pada balita yang berada di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Kabupaten Banjar. ABSTRACT Title: The Relationship between Environmental Sanitation in Riverbank Areas and Stunting in Toddlers (Study in the Working Area of UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Banjar Regency)Background: Stunting describes a developmental impediment due to insufficient nutritional intake, with a critical period from the womb until the child is two years old. This health issue is an urgent global concern, especially in Indonesia, where in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Banjar Regency still records a large incidence. There is a strong link between nutrition and environmental sanitation. Poor environmental sanitation conditions in riverside areas have the potential to cause various diseases that interfere with the growth and development of toddlers. This study aims to analyze the relationship of environmental sanitation in riverside areas to the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Banjar Regency.Method: This study applied an analytical observational approach through a cross sectional design, with a total of 43 respondents determined using total sampling technique from the existing population. Variables were studied by making observations through environmental sanitation observation sheets and anthropometric measurements through z-score (TB/U), these variables include: environmental sanitation in riverside areas and stunting in toddlers. After the data were collected, tabulation and analysis were conducted using the Spearman Rank test.Result: The research findings revealed unhealthy environmental sanitation conditions in most respondents, while most under-fives were detected to be stunted. Through the Spearman correlation test, a significant relationship (p-value 0.020) was obtained linking environmental sanitation in riverside areas to the occurrence of stunting in children under five years of age in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Banjar Regency.Conclusion: The final results showed that there is a correlation between environmental sanitation in riverside areas and stunting in children under five years of age in the working area of the UPTD Puskesmas Martapura Barat, Banjar Regency.