Profil Kadar Nitric Oxide (NO) dan Patologis Jantung Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus Novergicus) Hipertensi dengan Pemberian Hidrolisat Kolagen Kulit Ikan Gabus (Channa Striata): Profile Of Nitric Oxide (NO) Levels and Heart Pathology in Hypertensive Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Novergicus) Administered Collagen Hydrolysate from Snakehead Fish (Channa Striata) Skin - Suprayitno, Eddy; Tambunan, Jeny Ernawati; Djamaludin, Heder (JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research), 2025)
Potensi dari aktivitas biologis pada kolagen dapat ditingkatkan salah satunya dengan cara hidrolisis enzimatis. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pengujian hidrolisat kolegan kulit ikan gabus secara in vivo pada hewan model tikus wistar jantan dan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kadar NO hewan model. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu diharapkan dapat menganalisis adanya potensi dan pengaruh perbedaan level dosis pada hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus sebagai antihipertensi terhadap tekanan darah dan peningkatan kadar NO tikus wistar jantan hipertensi yang diinduksi NaCl dan Prednison. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan RAK dengan jumlah sampel 24 ekor dengan 6 level kelompok perlakuan, Kelompok Normal (N); Kelompok Kontrol Positif (K+); Kelompok Kontrol Negatif (K-); Kelompok Perlakuan Perbedaan Level Dosis Hidrolisat Kolagen kulit ikan gabus (P1,P2,P3). Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap yakni tahap satu pembuatan dan identifikasi hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus, sedangkan tahap dua pengujian hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus melalui hewan model secara in vivo. Tahap 1 karakterisasi hidrolisat kolagen menggunakan enzim bromelin 1% diperoleh rendemen 12%, kadar protein 49,2mg/L, derajat hidrolisis 40,63%, berat molekul 15-180 kDa, dan memiliki 17 profil asam amino. Tahap 2, diperoleh hasil pengukuran tekanan darah hewan model meningkat menggunakan NaCl 2% + Prednison 1,5mg/kgBB dan menurun pada perlakuan berbeda tiap kelompok. Penelitian tahap 2 diperoleh kadar NO tertinggi oleh kelompok K+ 134,81 μmol/L, sedangkan kadar NO terendah oleh kelompok K- 38,67 μmol/L. Pemberian hidrolisat kolagen ikan gabus P3 (140 mg/200 g BB tikus) berpengaruh terhadap pengurangan kerusakan sel di area arteri pulmonalis jantung tikus wistar dan terjadinya dilatasi endotel jantung tikus wistar hingga sebesar 26 μm.   The potential biological activity of collagen can be enhanced through enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, this study conducted in vivo testing of snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin collagen hydrolysate on male Wistar rats and subsequently analyzed nitric oxide (NO) levels in the animal models. The aim of the study was to assess the potential and impact of different dosage levels of snakehead fish skin collagen hydrolysate as an antihypertensive agent on blood pressure and NO levels in hypertensive male Wistar rats induced with NaCl + Prednisone. The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 24 samples divided into six treatment groups: Normal Group (N), Positive Control Group (K+), Negative Control Group (K-), and Treatment Groups with different dosage levels of snakehead fish skin collagen hydrolysate (P1, P2, P3). The study consisted of two stages: stage 1 involved the production and identification of snakehead fish skin collagen hydrolysate, while stage 2 involved in vivo testing of the hydrolysate on animal models. In stage 1, the collagen hydrolysate was characterized using 1% bromelain enzyme, resulting in a yield of 12%, protein content of 49.2 mg/L, degree of hydrolysis 40.63%, a molecular weight range of 15–180 kDa, and profiles of 17 amino acid. In stage 2, blood pressure measurements showed an increase in the animal model induced with 2% NaCl + 1.5 mg/kg BW Prednisone, which decreased with different treatments in each group. The results of stage 2 showed that the highest NO level was found in the K+ group (134.81 μmol/L), while the lowest NO level was observed in the K- group (38.67 μmol/L). Administration of snakehead fish collagen hydrolysate P3 (140 mg/200 g BW rats) significantly reduced cellular damage in the pulmonary artery area of the heart and caused endothelial dilation in the heart of Wistar rats, reaching 26 μm.