RIWAYAT KONSUMSI MAKANAN PENDERITA STROK YANG MASUK RUMAH SAKIT - Basuki Budiman; M. Karyana; Sri Muljati (Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research), 2014)
ABSTRACTStroke is one of main contributing diseases to global death as well as in Indonesia. One of risk factors for stroke is food pattern while the post stroke food pattern affect on later survival. This study provided the food pattern of hospitalized stroke patient. Data were derived from Indonesia stroke registry 2011-2012 which covered 3999 patients from 17 main hospitals in Sumatera, Java, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Diagnosis of stroke followed ICD_X. A number 3401 out of 3999 patients were analyzed for the food pattern with complete data. Patients were interviewed for their food consumption using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) method and then the result scored in five groups’ i.e. every day was scored by 30.4; if consumed 4-6 days in a week was scored 21.7; and 2-3 days and 1-3 in a week were scored by 8,70 and 2,40 respectively. Scored 1 for food consumption 1-2 or never consumed at all in last 3 months. Different pattern of frequency distribution of food consumption adjusted by gender failed to detect the different food pattern, but when the pattern adjusted by ethnic and food group and ever happened in previous stroke, the differences were found. Hemorrhagic stroke patients especially 65 years or over whom consumed high sweetened, salty, fatty and high content cholesterol more frequent than ischemic one. An in-depth study should be conducted to confirm the result.Keywords : food frequency, stroke registry, food patternABSTRAKStrok merupakan penyumbang kematian utama di dunia dan juga di Indonesia. Pola konsumsi makanan dipercaya sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya strok. Pola makanan pasca strok berpengaruh terhadap kemunculan strok berikutnya. Makalah ini menyajikan riwayat pola konsumsi makanan penderita strok yang masuk rumah sakit. Data penderita strok diperoleh dari registri strok tahun 2011-2012 dari 17 rumah sakit Sumatera, Jawa, Bali dan Nusa Tenggara Barat. Sebanyak 3999 penderita didiagnosis mengikuti definisi strok ICD_X, namun sebanyak 3401 yang mempunyai data konsumsi makanan. Pola konsumsi diperoleh dengan wawancara dan menggunakan metode food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Makanan dikelompokkan dalam sembilan jenis kelompok bahan makanan. Frekuensi makan dalam sebulan disandi 30,4 jika jenis makanan tertentu dikonsumsi setiap hari. Selanjutnya 21,7 jika 4-6 hari/minggu; 8,70 jika 2-3 hari/minggu; 2,40 jika 1-3 hari/minggu; 1 jika 1-2 hari/3 bulan atau tidak pernah. Distribusi konsumsi dianalisis menurut jenis kelamin, etnis, umur dan jenis strok. Pola distribusi frekuensi konsumsi sembilan kelompok makanan menurut gender ditemukan tidak berbeda, Namun menurut etnis, jenis dan riwayat strok berulang ditemukan berbeda. Penderita strok hemoragik terutama yang berusia 65 tahun atau lebih mengonsumsi lebih sering makanan dan minuman manis, asin, berlemak dan makanan mengandung kolesterol tinggi daripada penderita strok iskemik. Penelitian lebih mendalam diperlukan untuk konfirmasi pola makanan ini. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(2): 101-108]Kata kunci: frekuensi makan, registri strok, pola konsumsi