Korelasi antara kadar D-dimer plasma dengan derajat keparahan trauma maksilofasial berdasarkan Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score (MFISS) pada penderita cedera kepala ringan: Studi Cross-Sectional - Saleh, Ardian; Syamsudin, Endang; Hadikrishna, Indra; Prihatni, Delita (Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 2024)
Pendahuluan: Penderita trauma maksilofasial berisiko mengalami cedera kepala karena letaknya berdekatan dengan kranium. D-dimer plasma merupakan produk akhir pemecahan bekuan darah yang dapat diukur melalui sampel darah, dan berperan sebagai faktor prognostik pada cedera kepala. Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score (MFISS) adalah skoring terbaru untuk menilai derajat keparahan trauma maksilofasial berdasarkan tiga skor cedera tertinggi. Trauma maksilofasial sering disertai cedera kepala dengan peningkatan kadar D-dimer. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan kadar D-dimer plasma dengan derajat keparahan trauma maksilofasial berdasarkan MFISS sebagai pertimbangan prognostik. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada 38 subjek berusia >18 tahun dengan trauma maksilofasial disertai cedera kepala ringan dalam fase 2–24 jam di IGD RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Derajat keparahan trauma maksilofasial dinilai menggunakan MFISS, dan cedera kepala ringan dinilai berdasarkan GCS. Sampel darah diambil untuk pemeriksaan D-dimer plasma. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Spearman Rank. Hasil: Rerata kadar D-dimer plasma sebesar 3,42 pg/dL (p=0,001), dan rerata skor MFISS 6,89 ± 1,91 (p=0,022). Terdapat korelasi positif moderat antara kadar D-dimer dengan skor MFISS (r=0,512). Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan kadar D-dimer plasma pada trauma maksilofasial disertai cedera kepala ringan. Ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara kadar D-dimer dengan tingkat keparahan trauma maksilofasial berdasarkan MFISS. Correlation between plasma D-dimer levels and the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on the maxillofacial injury severity score (MFISS) in mild head injury patients: Cross-Sectional StudyIntroduction: Patients with maxillofacial trauma are at risk of experiencing head injury because of their proximity to the cranium. Plasma D-dimer is the end product of blood clot breakdown that can be measured through blood samples, and it plays a role as a prognostic factor in head injury. The Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score (MFISS) is the latest scoring system to assess the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on the three highest injury scores. Maxillofacial trauma is often accompanied by head injury with increased D-dimer levels. This study aims to analyze the relationship between plasma D-dimer levels and the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on MFISS, serving as a prognostic consideration. Methods: The present study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study was conducted on 38 subjects aged over 18 years with maxillofacial trauma accompanied by mild head injury in the 2-24 hour phase at the Emergency Department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. The severity of maxillofacial trauma was assessed using MFISS, and mild head injury was assessed based on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Blood samples were taken for plasma D-dimer examination. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. Results: The mean plasma D-dimer level was 3.42 pg/dL (p=0.001), and the mean MFISS score was 6.89 ± 1.91 (p=0.022). There was a moderate positive correlation between D-dimer levels and MFISS scores (r=0.512). Conclusion: Plasma D-dimer levels are elevated in maxillofacial trauma accompanied by mild head injury. A significant relationship was found between D-dimer levels and the severity of maxillofacial trauma based on MFISS.