Analysis Of Factors Causing Low Birth Weight (Lbw) Incidents - Afriani, Nasita; Rachmawati, Fijri; Mariza, Ana; Kurniasari, Devi (JKM (Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati), 2025)
Latar Belakang Data World Health Organization (WHO) menunjukkan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Indonesia mencapai 111.719 kasus pada tahun 2019. Kasus kematian bayi di Kota Bandar Lampung tahun 2022 sebanyak 56 kasus atau 3,1 per kelahiran hidup. Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin menunjukkan terdapat 1.197 bayi yang lahir pada tahun 2021-2023. Berdasarkan observasi ada 30 (0,02%) bayi yang mengalami BBLR.  Dampak bayi BBLR yaitu rentan stunting, IQ rendah, disabilitas permanen, gangguan kognitif, gangguan perkembangan syaraf, dan rentan infeksi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya BBLR di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Tahun 2021-2023. Metode Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Bintang Amin dilakukan pada bulan Maret-juli. Populasi bayi lahir di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin 2021-2023 sebanyak 1.197 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 responden. Variabel independent dalam penelitian ini adalah usia ibu, paritas, anemia, status gizi ibu dan ketuban pecah dini dengan variabel dependent kejadian bayi BBLR. Teknik sampling purposive sampling, Analisa data univariate dan bivariate menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil analisis dari 60 bayi, BBLR sebanyak 30 responden (50,0%) dan tidak BBLR sebanyak 30 (50,0%) responden. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR adalah usia ibu p-value 0,000 (<0,05), paritas p-value 0,000 (<0,05), anemia p-value 0,000 (<0,05), status gizi p-value 0,000 (<0,05), ketuban pecah dini p-value 0,004(<0,05). Sehingga usia ibu, paritas, anemia, status gizi, dan ketuban pecah dini berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR. Diharapkan dapat diberikan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pencegahan BBLR sedini mungkin. Kata Kunci : BBLR, Usia, Paritas, Gizi, Anemia ABSTRACT Background World Health Organization (WHO) data shows that the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia reached 111,719 cases in 2019. Cases of infant mortality in Bandar Lampung City in 2022 were 56 cases or 3.1 per 100,000 live births. Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital showed that there were 1,197 babies born in 2021-2023. Based on observations, there were 30 (0.02%) babies who experienced LBW. The impact of LBW babies is prone to stunting, low IQ, permanent disability, cognitive disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, and susceptibility to infection. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors that influence the occurrence of LBW at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital in 2021-2023. Quantitative research with a cross-sectional research design. The study was conducted at Bintang Amin Hospital in March-July. The population of babies born at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital in 2021-2023 was 1,197 people. The sample in this study was 60 respondents. Independent variables in this study were maternal age, parity, anemia, maternal nutritional status and premature rupture of membranes with dependent variables of LBW infants. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, Univariate and bivariate data analysis using the chi square test. The results of the analysis of 60 infants, LBW as many as 30 respondents (50.0%) and non-LBW as many as 30 (50.0%) respondents. Factors related to the incidence of LBW are maternal age p-value 0.000 (<0.05), parity p-value 0.000 (<0.05), anemia p-value 0.000 (<0.05), nutritional status p-value 0.000 (<0.05), premature rupture of membranes p-value 0.004 (<0.05). So that maternal age, parity, anemia, nutritional status, and premature rupture of membranes are related to the incidence of LBW. It is expected that public knowledge can be provided about preventing LBW as early as possible. Keywords : LBW, Age, Parity, Nutrition, Anemia