Dampak Restorasi Mangrove Terhadap Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat di Provinsi Riau - Sidauruk, Tumiar; Berutu, Nurmala; Harefa, Meilinda Suriani; Rahmadi, M Taufik; Damanik, M Ridha Syafii; Permana, Sendi; Tuhono, Eling; Pratama, Alvin; Tanjung, Putra Laksamana; Angraini, Tia (Majalah Geografi Indonesia, 2025)
Abstrak. Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir memiliki hutan mangrove terluas di Provinsi Riau yang mencapai 131.658 hektare berdasarkan Peta Mangrove Nasional 2021. Namun, kawasan ini mengalami degradasi akibat abrasi, eksploitasi kayu untuk arang dan konstruksi, serta konversi lahan menjadi tambak. Desa Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, dan Kuala Patah Parang menjadi fokus restorasi mangrove yang didukung oleh YAKOPI sejak 2022. Masyarakat setempat, termasuk kelompok tani, dilibatkan dalam upaya restorasi dengan pelatihan dan pemberdayaan ekonomi berbasis ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengalanisis dampak kegiatan restorasi mangrove terhadap sosial ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, dan Kuala Patah Parang, Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tiga desa di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Riau, yang menjadi fokus restorasi mangrove akibat degradasi ekosistem pada bulan Mei 2024. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara terstruktur dengan kelompok tani dan masyarakat, serta studi dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman yang mencakup pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, serta penarikan kesimpulan terkait dampak sosial-ekonomi restorasi mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat di Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, dan Kuala Patah Parang dilakukan melalui pembentukan kelompok tani seperti Maju Bersama, Tanjung Bidadari, dan Konservasi Pesisir dan Bakau Indah. Kegiatan restorasi mangrove di Desa Pulau Ruku meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga sebesar 12,41%, di Desa Tanjung Lajau sebesar 12,07%, dan di Desa Kuala Patah Parang sebesar 9,35%. Kegiatan restorasi mangrove di tiga desa memberikan dampak positif signifikan pada aspek sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Dari segi sosial, kekompakan dan kekerabatan warga meningkat, sementara dari segi ekonomi, masyarakat di Desa Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, dan Kuala Patah Parang terbantu dengan adanya sumber pendapatan yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari. Abstract. Indragiri Hilir Regency has the largest mangrove forest in Riau Province, covering 131,658 hectares according to the 2021 National Mangrove Map. However, this area has experienced degradation due to coastal erosion, wood exploitation for charcoal and construction, and land conversion into fish ponds. Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, and Kuala Patah Parang villages have been the focus of mangrove restoration efforts supported by YAKOPI since 2022. Local communities, including farmer groups, have been involved in restoration efforts through training and economic empowerment based on the mangrove ecosystem. This research aims to analyze the impact of mangrove restoration activities on the socio-economic conditions of communities in Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, and Kuala Patah Parang villages, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The research was conducted in three villages in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau, which have been the focus of mangrove restoration due to ecosystem degradation, in May 2024. Data was obtained through field observations, structured interviews with farmer groups and community members, and document studies. Data analysis used the Miles & Huberman model, which includes data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing regarding the socio-economic impact of mangrove restoration. The findings indicate that community empowerment in Pulau Ruku, Tanjung Lajau, and Kuala Patah Parang was carried out through the formation of farmer groups such as Maju Bersama, Tanjung Bidadari, and Konservasi Pesisir and Bakau Indah. Mangrove restoration activities increased household incomes by 12,41% in Pulau Ruku, 12.07% in Tanjung Lajau, and 9.35% in Kuala Patah Parang. The restoration initiatives in these three villages have had a significant positive impact on both social and economic aspects. Socially, they have strengthened community cohesion and relationships, while economically, they have provided residents with a sustainable source of income to meet their daily needs.Submitted: 2024-11-11 Revisions:  2025-03-07 Accepted:  2025-06-20 Published:  2025-07-03