Pendekatan Komplementer dalam Mengelola Mual dan Muntah pada Pasien Kanker Pascakemoterapi: Scoping Review - Nuzulullail, Agung Subakti; Fakhriyah, Anya Bunga; Wensi, Avantika Puspa Imelda; Lidiyana, Ika Arif; Chandra, Ilany Nandia; Rindawati, Magdalena; Rusdiansyah, Mohamad; Azizah, Prisa Tifa; Annelydia, Putri; Christaputri, Silvia Tri Wahyu; Hariyanto, Suci Wahyu; Pangastuti, Heny Susaeni (Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal), 2025)
Background: Chemotherapy is an effective cancer therapy, but has side effects such as nausea and vomiting. These effects need to be addressed through various method, one of which is complementary approaches. There only few articles related to complementary therapies for reducing nausea and vomiting.Objective: To determine the types of complementary therapies that effectively reduced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients after receiving chemotherapy.Method: Scoping review was conducted using four databases: Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley. Studies were selected based on the following criteria, P: Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; I: Complementary Alternative Medicine; C: Conventional approach or no complementary intervention; O: Reduction in the incidence of nausea and vomiting. The inclusion criteria for this study were articles published between 2020 and 2024, written in English, original articles, open access, and discussing complementary interventions for nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. Exclusion criteria included review articles, protocol studies, and pilot studies. Article screening followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. All articles synthesized in this study underwent eligibility assessment by three researchers using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist 2020.Outcomes: Ten articles were identified in this study, which reported that there were complementary therapies for post-chemotherapy patients with cancer such as aromatherapy, massage, acupuncture and acupressure, yoga tawa, and herbs. All therapies effectively improved quality of life and nutritional status, reduced the frequency, symptoms, severity, and intensity of nausea and vomiting.Conclusion: Complementary interventions can significantly reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting in cancer patients after receiving chemotherapy.INTISARILatar belakang: Kemoterapi merupakan terapi kanker yang efektif, tetapi memiliki efek samping seperti mual dan muntah. Efek tersebut perlu segera ditangani melalui berbagai pendekatan, salah satunya pendekatan komplementer. Review terkait ragam terapi komplementer yang efektif dalam menurunkan mual muntah belum banyak dilakukan.Tujuan: Mengetahui macam terapi komplementer yang efektif dalam menurunkan mual muntah pada pasien kanker pascakemoterapi.Metode: Penelitian scoping review dilakukan dari empat database, yaitu Science Direct, Pubmed, Scopus, dan Willey. Pemilihan studi berdasarkan, P: Pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi, I: Complementary Alternative Medicine, C: Pendekatan konvensional atau tanpa intervensi komplementer, O: Penurunan kejadian mual muntah. Kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini adalah artikel yang terbit pada tahun 2020-2024, berbahasa Inggris, artikel orisinal, open access, serta artikel yang membahas intervensi komplementer pada mual dan muntah pascakemoterapi. Kriteria eksklusi di antaranya artikel review, study protocol, dan pilot study. Artikel diskrining mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020. Seluruh artikel yang disintesis dalam studi ini melalui penilaian kelayakan oleh tiga peneliti menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist tahun 2020.Hasil: Sepuluh artikel diidentifikasi pada penelitian ini, dengan temuan terapi komplementer pada pasien kanker pascakemoterapi, yaitu aromaterapi, pijat, akupunktur dan akupresur, yoga tawa, dan herbal. Seluruh terapi dapat efektif meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan status nutrisi, penurunan frekuensi, gejala, keparahan, intensitas mual dan muntah.Simpulan: Intervensi komplementer secara signifikan menurunkan mual dan muntah pasien kanker pascakemoterapi.